chlorine vs sulfur vs argon vs phosphorus

chlorine (chemical element) | sulfur (chemical element) | argon (chemical element) | phosphorus (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration chlorine | Cl | 17 | [Ne]3s^23p^5 sulfur | S | 16 | [Ne]3s^23p^4 argon | Ar | 18 | [Ne]3s^23p^6 phosphorus | P | 15 | [Ne]3s^23p^3 | Aufbau diagram | block | group chlorine | 3p 3s | p | 17 sulfur | 3p 3s | p | 16 argon | 3p 3s | p | 18 phosphorus | 3p 3s | p | 15 | period | atomic mass | half-life chlorine | 3 | 35.45 u | (stable) sulfur | 3 | 32.06 u | (stable) argon | 3 | 39.948 u | (stable) phosphorus | 3 | 30.973761998 u | (stable)

phase at STP | all | gas | solid melting point | median | -28.7 °C | highest | 115.21 °C (sulfur) | lowest | -189.3 °C (argon) | distribution | boiling point | median | 123.2 °C | highest | 444.72 °C (sulfur) | lowest | -185.8 °C (argon) | distribution | critical temperature | median | 416.9 K | highest | 1314 K (sulfur) | lowest | 150.87 K (argon) critical pressure | median | 7.991 MPa | highest | 20.7 MPa (sulfur) | lowest | 4.898 MPa (argon) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 1.45 kJ/mol | highest | 3.2 kJ/mol (chlorine) | lowest | 0.64 kJ/mol (phosphorus) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 10 kJ/mol | highest | 12.4 kJ/mol (phosphorus) | lowest | 6.5 kJ/mol (argon) | distribution | specific heat at STP | median | 613 J/(kg K) | highest | 769.7 J/(kg K) (phosphorus) | lowest | 478.2 J/(kg K) (chlorine) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

density | median | 0.9131 g/cm^3 | highest | 1.96 g/cm^3 (sulfur) | lowest | 0.001784 g/cm^3 (argon) molar volume | median | 5520 cm^3/mol | highest | 22390 cm^3/mol (argon) | lowest | 16.36 cm^3/mol (sulfur) | distribution | bulk modulus | median | 7.7 GPa | highest | 11 GPa (phosphorus) | lowest | 1.1 GPa (chlorine) | distribution | refractive index | median | 1.000942 | highest | 1.001212 (phosphorus) | lowest | 1.000281 (argon) thermal conductivity | median | 0.111 W/(m K) | highest | 0.236 W/(m K) (phosphorus) | lowest | 0.0089 W/(m K) (chlorine) (properties at standard conditions)

resistivity | median | 100 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 1×10^15 Ω m (ohm meters) (sulfur) | lowest | 1×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) (phosphorus) electrical conductivity | median | 0.01 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 1×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) (phosphorus) | lowest | 1×10^-15 S/m (siemens per meter) (sulfur) volume magnetic susceptibility | median | -6.11×10^-6 | highest | -1.07×10^-8 (argon) | lowest | -2.06×10^-5 (phosphorus) | distribution | mass magnetic susceptibility | median | -6.7×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | highest | -6×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (argon) | lowest | -1.13×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (phosphorus) molar magnetic susceptibility | median | -2.95×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | highest | -1.99×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (sulfur) | lowest | -5.11×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (chlorine) | distribution |

valence | median | 5 | highest | 6 (sulfur) | lowest | 0 (argon) | distribution | electronegativity | median | 2.58 | highest | 3.16 (chlorine) | lowest | 2.19 (phosphorus) | distribution | electron affinity | median | 140 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 349 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (chlorine) | lowest | 0 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (argon) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 1131.5 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 1520.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (argon) | lowest | 999.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (sulfur) | distribution |

term symbol | all | ^1S_0 | ^2P_(3/2) | ^3P_2 | ^4S_(3/2) atomic radius | median | 100 pm | highest | 100 pm (3 elements) | lowest | 71 pm (argon) covalent radius | median | 106 pm | highest | 107 pm (phosphorus) | lowest | 102 pm (chlorine) | distribution | van der Waals radius | median | 180 pm | highest | 188 pm (argon) | lowest | 175 pm (chlorine) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)

universe abundance | median | 0.01 mass% | highest | 0.05 mass% (sulfur) | lowest | 1×10^-4 mass% (chlorine) | distribution | solar abundance | median | 0.0039 mass% | highest | 0.04 mass% (sulfur) | lowest | 7×10^-4 mass% (phosphorus) meteorite abundance | median | 0.11 mass% | highest | 4 mass% (sulfur) | lowest | 0.037 mass% (chlorine) crust abundance | median | 0.03 mass% | highest | 0.099 mass% (phosphorus) | lowest | 1.5×10^-4 mass% (argon) | distribution | ocean abundance | median | 0.047 mass% | highest | 2 mass% (chlorine) | lowest | 7×10^-6 mass% (phosphorus) human abundance | median | 0.2 mass% | highest | 1.1 mass% (phosphorus) | lowest | 0.12 mass% (chlorine) universe molar abundance | median | 3.1×10^-4 mol% | highest | 0.002 mol% (sulfur) | lowest | 4×10^-6 mol% (chlorine) solar molar abundance | median | 1.2×10^-4 mol% | highest | 9.9×10^-4 mol% (sulfur) | lowest | 3×10^-5 mol% (chlorine and phosphorus) meteorite molar abundance | median | 0.07 mol% | highest | 2.2 mol% (sulfur) | lowest | 0.016 mol% (chlorine) ocean molar abundance | median | 0.009 mol% | highest | 0.35 mol% (chlorine) | lowest | 1.4×10^-6 mol% (phosphorus) crust molar abundance | median | 0.018 mol% | highest | 0.07 mol% (phosphorus) | lowest | 7.8×10^-5 mol% (argon) | distribution | human molar abundance | median | 0.039 mol% | highest | 0.22 mol% (phosphorus) | lowest | 0.021 mol% (chlorine)