HClO3 + H2SeO = H2O + Cl2 + H2SeO4

HClO3 + H2SeO ⟶ H_2O water + Cl_2 chlorine + H_2SeO_4 selenic acid

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: HClO3 + H2SeO ⟶ H_2O + Cl_2 + H_2SeO_4 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 HClO3 + c_2 H2SeO ⟶ c_3 H_2O + c_4 Cl_2 + c_5 H_2SeO_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, Cl, O and Se: H: | c_1 + 2 c_2 = 2 c_3 + 2 c_5 Cl: | c_1 = 2 c_4 O: | 3 c_1 + c_2 = c_3 + 4 c_5 Se: | c_2 = c_5 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_3 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 5/3 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 c_5 = 5/3 Multiply by the least common denominator, 3, to eliminate fractional coefficients: c_1 = 6 c_2 = 5 c_3 = 3 c_4 = 3 c_5 = 5 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 6 HClO3 + 5 H2SeO ⟶ 3 H_2O + 3 Cl_2 + 5 H_2SeO_4

HClO3 + H2SeO ⟶ + +

HClO3 + H2SeO ⟶ water + chlorine + selenic acid

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: HClO3 + H2SeO ⟶ H_2O + Cl_2 + H_2SeO_4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 6 HClO3 + 5 H2SeO ⟶ 3 H_2O + 3 Cl_2 + 5 H_2SeO_4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i HClO3 | 6 | -6 H2SeO | 5 | -5 H_2O | 3 | 3 Cl_2 | 3 | 3 H_2SeO_4 | 5 | 5 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression HClO3 | 6 | -6 | ([HClO3])^(-6) H2SeO | 5 | -5 | ([H2SeO])^(-5) H_2O | 3 | 3 | ([H2O])^3 Cl_2 | 3 | 3 | ([Cl2])^3 H_2SeO_4 | 5 | 5 | ([H2SeO4])^5 The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([HClO3])^(-6) ([H2SeO])^(-5) ([H2O])^3 ([Cl2])^3 ([H2SeO4])^5 = (([H2O])^3 ([Cl2])^3 ([H2SeO4])^5)/(([HClO3])^6 ([H2SeO])^5)

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: HClO3 + H2SeO ⟶ H_2O + Cl_2 + H_2SeO_4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 6 HClO3 + 5 H2SeO ⟶ 3 H_2O + 3 Cl_2 + 5 H_2SeO_4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i HClO3 | 6 | -6 H2SeO | 5 | -5 H_2O | 3 | 3 Cl_2 | 3 | 3 H_2SeO_4 | 5 | 5 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term HClO3 | 6 | -6 | -1/6 (Δ[HClO3])/(Δt) H2SeO | 5 | -5 | -1/5 (Δ[H2SeO])/(Δt) H_2O | 3 | 3 | 1/3 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) Cl_2 | 3 | 3 | 1/3 (Δ[Cl2])/(Δt) H_2SeO_4 | 5 | 5 | 1/5 (Δ[H2SeO4])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/6 (Δ[HClO3])/(Δt) = -1/5 (Δ[H2SeO])/(Δt) = 1/3 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = 1/3 (Δ[Cl2])/(Δt) = 1/5 (Δ[H2SeO4])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

| HClO3 | H2SeO | water | chlorine | selenic acid formula | HClO3 | H2SeO | H_2O | Cl_2 | H_2SeO_4 Hill formula | HClO3 | H2OSe | H_2O | Cl_2 | H_2O_4Se name | | | water | chlorine | selenic acid IUPAC name | | | water | molecular chlorine | selenic acid

| HClO3 | H2SeO | water | chlorine | selenic acid molar mass | 84.45 g/mol | 96.99 g/mol | 18.015 g/mol | 70.9 g/mol | 144.98 g/mol phase | | | liquid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | melting point | | | 0 °C | -101 °C | boiling point | | | 99.9839 °C | -34 °C | density | | | 1 g/cm^3 | 0.003214 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 2.511 g/cm^3 surface tension | | | 0.0728 N/m | | dynamic viscosity | | | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | | odor | | | odorless | |