Input interpretation
oxygen + potassium hydroxide + nitrogen dioxide ⟶ water + potassium nitrate
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 + c_3 ⟶ c_4 + c_5 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for O, H, K and N: O: | 2 c_1 + c_2 + 2 c_3 = c_4 + 3 c_5 H: | c_2 = 2 c_4 K: | c_2 = c_5 N: | c_3 = c_5 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 4 c_3 = 4 c_4 = 2 c_5 = 4 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | + 4 + 4 ⟶ 2 + 4
Structures
+ + ⟶ +
Names
oxygen + potassium hydroxide + nitrogen dioxide ⟶ water + potassium nitrate
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| oxygen | potassium hydroxide | nitrogen dioxide | water | potassium nitrate molecular enthalpy | 0 kJ/mol | -424.6 kJ/mol | 33.2 kJ/mol | -285.8 kJ/mol | -494.6 kJ/mol total enthalpy | 0 kJ/mol | -1698 kJ/mol | 132.8 kJ/mol | -571.7 kJ/mol | -1978 kJ/mol | H_initial = -1566 kJ/mol | | | H_final = -2550 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | -2550 kJ/mol - -1566 kJ/mol = -984.5 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | | |
Gibbs free energy
| oxygen | potassium hydroxide | nitrogen dioxide | water | potassium nitrate molecular free energy | 231.7 kJ/mol | -379.4 kJ/mol | 51.3 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | -394.9 kJ/mol total free energy | 231.7 kJ/mol | -1518 kJ/mol | 205.2 kJ/mol | -474.2 kJ/mol | -1580 kJ/mol | G_initial = -1081 kJ/mol | | | G_final = -2054 kJ/mol | ΔG_rxn^0 | -2054 kJ/mol - -1081 kJ/mol = -973.1 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| oxygen | potassium hydroxide | nitrogen dioxide | water | potassium nitrate Hill formula | O_2 | HKO | NO_2 | H_2O | KNO_3 name | oxygen | potassium hydroxide | nitrogen dioxide | water | potassium nitrate IUPAC name | molecular oxygen | potassium hydroxide | Nitrogen dioxide | water | potassium nitrate