Input interpretation
hydrogen chloride + cadmium ⟶ hydrogen + cadmium chloride
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Cl, H and Cd: Cl: | c_1 = 2 c_4 H: | c_1 = 2 c_3 Cd: | c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 + ⟶ +
Structures
+ ⟶ +
Names
hydrogen chloride + cadmium ⟶ hydrogen + cadmium chloride
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| hydrogen chloride | cadmium | hydrogen | cadmium chloride molecular enthalpy | -92.3 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -391.5 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -184.6 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -391.5 kJ/mol | H_initial = -184.6 kJ/mol | | H_final = -391.5 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | -391.5 kJ/mol - -184.6 kJ/mol = -206.9 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | |
Gibbs free energy
| hydrogen chloride | cadmium | hydrogen | cadmium chloride molecular free energy | -95.3 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -343.9 kJ/mol total free energy | -190.6 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -343.9 kJ/mol | G_initial = -190.6 kJ/mol | | G_final = -343.9 kJ/mol | ΔG_rxn^0 | -343.9 kJ/mol - -190.6 kJ/mol = -153.3 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| hydrogen chloride | cadmium | hydrogen | cadmium chloride Hill formula | ClH | Cd | H_2 | CdCl_2 name | hydrogen chloride | cadmium | hydrogen | cadmium chloride IUPAC name | hydrogen chloride | cadmium | molecular hydrogen | dichlorocadmium
Substance properties
| hydrogen chloride | cadmium | hydrogen | cadmium chloride molar mass | 36.46 g/mol | 112.414 g/mol | 2.016 g/mol | 183.3 g/mol phase | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | -114.17 °C | 320.9 °C | -259.2 °C | 568 °C boiling point | -85 °C | 765 °C | -252.8 °C | 967 °C density | 0.00149 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 8.65 g/cm^3 | 8.99×10^-5 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 4.05 g/cm^3 solubility in water | miscible | insoluble | | dynamic viscosity | | | 8.9×10^-6 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 0.00156 Pa s (at 800 °C) odor | | odorless | odorless |
Units
