H2O + H2SO4 + Na2B4O7 = Na2SO4 + H3BO3

water + sulfuric acid + sodium tetraborate ⟶ sodium sulfate + boric acid

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 + c_3 ⟶ c_4 + c_5 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, O, S, B and Na: H: | 2 c_1 + 2 c_2 = 3 c_5 O: | c_1 + 4 c_2 + 7 c_3 = 4 c_4 + 3 c_5 S: | c_2 = c_4 B: | 4 c_3 = c_5 Na: | 2 c_3 = 2 c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 5 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 c_5 = 4 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 5 + + ⟶ + 4

+ + ⟶ +

water + sulfuric acid + sodium tetraborate ⟶ sodium sulfate + boric acid

| water | sulfuric acid | sodium tetraborate | sodium sulfate | boric acid molecular enthalpy | -285.8 kJ/mol | -814 kJ/mol | -3291 kJ/mol | -1387 kJ/mol | -1094 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -1429 kJ/mol | -814 kJ/mol | -3291 kJ/mol | -1387 kJ/mol | -4377 kJ/mol | H_initial = -5534 kJ/mol | | | H_final = -5764 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | -5764 kJ/mol - -5534 kJ/mol = -230 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | | |

| water | sulfuric acid | sodium tetraborate | sodium sulfate | boric acid molecular free energy | -237.1 kJ/mol | -690 kJ/mol | -3096 kJ/mol | -1270 kJ/mol | -968.9 kJ/mol total free energy | -1186 kJ/mol | -690 kJ/mol | -3096 kJ/mol | -1270 kJ/mol | -3876 kJ/mol | G_initial = -4972 kJ/mol | | | G_final = -5146 kJ/mol | ΔG_rxn^0 | -5146 kJ/mol - -4972 kJ/mol = -174.3 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | | |

| water | sulfuric acid | sodium tetraborate | sodium sulfate | boric acid Hill formula | H_2O | H_2O_4S | B_4Na_2O_7 | Na_2O_4S | BH_3O_3 name | water | sulfuric acid | sodium tetraborate | sodium sulfate | boric acid IUPAC name | water | sulfuric acid | disodium 3, 7-dioxido-2, 4, 6, 8, 9-pentaoxa-1, 3, 5, 7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane | disodium sulfate | boric acid