HCl + BaO2 = H2O2 + BaCl2

HCl hydrogen chloride + BaO_2 barium peroxide ⟶ H_2O_2 hydrogen peroxide + BaCl_2 barium chloride

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: HCl + BaO_2 ⟶ H_2O_2 + BaCl_2 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 HCl + c_2 BaO_2 ⟶ c_3 H_2O_2 + c_4 BaCl_2 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Cl, H, Ba and O: Cl: | c_1 = 2 c_4 H: | c_1 = 2 c_3 Ba: | c_2 = c_4 O: | 2 c_2 = 2 c_3 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 HCl + BaO_2 ⟶ H_2O_2 + BaCl_2

+ ⟶ +

hydrogen chloride + barium peroxide ⟶ hydrogen peroxide + barium chloride

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: HCl + BaO_2 ⟶ H_2O_2 + BaCl_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 HCl + BaO_2 ⟶ H_2O_2 + BaCl_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i HCl | 2 | -2 BaO_2 | 1 | -1 H_2O_2 | 1 | 1 BaCl_2 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression HCl | 2 | -2 | ([HCl])^(-2) BaO_2 | 1 | -1 | ([BaO2])^(-1) H_2O_2 | 1 | 1 | [H2O2] BaCl_2 | 1 | 1 | [BaCl2] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([HCl])^(-2) ([BaO2])^(-1) [H2O2] [BaCl2] = ([H2O2] [BaCl2])/(([HCl])^2 [BaO2])

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: HCl + BaO_2 ⟶ H_2O_2 + BaCl_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 HCl + BaO_2 ⟶ H_2O_2 + BaCl_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i HCl | 2 | -2 BaO_2 | 1 | -1 H_2O_2 | 1 | 1 BaCl_2 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term HCl | 2 | -2 | -1/2 (Δ[HCl])/(Δt) BaO_2 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[BaO2])/(Δt) H_2O_2 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[H2O2])/(Δt) BaCl_2 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[BaCl2])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/2 (Δ[HCl])/(Δt) = -(Δ[BaO2])/(Δt) = (Δ[H2O2])/(Δt) = (Δ[BaCl2])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

| hydrogen chloride | barium peroxide | hydrogen peroxide | barium chloride formula | HCl | BaO_2 | H_2O_2 | BaCl_2 Hill formula | ClH | BaO_2 | H_2O_2 | BaCl_2 name | hydrogen chloride | barium peroxide | hydrogen peroxide | barium chloride IUPAC name | hydrogen chloride | barium(+2) cation peroxide | hydrogen peroxide | barium(+2) cation dichloride

| hydrogen chloride | barium peroxide | hydrogen peroxide | barium chloride molar mass | 36.46 g/mol | 169.325 g/mol | 34.014 g/mol | 208.2 g/mol phase | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | -114.17 °C | 450 °C | -0.43 °C | 963 °C boiling point | -85 °C | | 150.2 °C | density | 0.00149 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 4.96 g/cm^3 | 1.44 g/cm^3 | 3.856 g/cm^3 solubility in water | miscible | slightly soluble | miscible | surface tension | | | 0.0804 N/m | dynamic viscosity | | | 0.001249 Pa s (at 20 °C) | odor | | | | odorless