calcium vs magnesium vs americium

calcium (chemical element) | magnesium (chemical element) | americium (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| calcium | magnesium | americium atomic symbol | Ca | Mg | Am atomic number | 20 | 12 | 95 short electronic configuration | [Ar]4s^2 | [Ne]3s^2 | [Rn]7s^25f^7 Aufbau diagram | 4s | 3s | 5f 7s block | s | s | f group | 2 | 2 | period | 4 | 3 | 7 atomic mass | 40.078 u | 24.305 u | 243 u half-life | (stable) | (stable) | 7390 yr

| calcium | magnesium | americium phase at STP | solid | solid | solid melting point | 842 °C | 650 °C | 1176 °C boiling point | 1484 °C | 1090 °C | 2011 °C molar heat of fusion | 8.54 kJ/mol | 8.7 kJ/mol | (unknown) molar heat of vaporization | 155 kJ/mol | 128 kJ/mol | (unknown) specific heat at STP | 631 J/(kg K) | 1020 J/(kg K) | (properties at standard conditions)

| calcium | magnesium | americium density | 1.55 g/cm^3 | 1.738 g/cm^3 | 13.67 g/cm^3 liquid density | 1.378 g/cm^3 | 1.584 g/cm^3 | (unknown) molar volume | 25.86 cm^3/mol | 13.98 cm^3/mol | 17.8 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 1.75 (between gypsum and talc) | 2.5 (between gypsum and calcite) | (unknown) Brinell hardness | 167 MPa | 260 MPa | (unknown) bulk modulus | 17 GPa | 45 GPa | (unknown) shear modulus | 7.4 GPa | 17 GPa | (unknown) Young's modulus | 20 GPa | 45 GPa | (unknown) Poisson ratio | 0.31 | 0.29 | (unknown) sound speed | 3810 m/s | 4602 m/s | (unknown) thermal expansion | 2.23×10^-5 K^(-1) | 2.5×10^-5 K^(-1) | (unknown) thermal conductivity | 200 W/(m K) | 160 W/(m K) | 10 W/(m K) (properties at standard conditions)

| calcium | magnesium | americium electrical type | conductor | conductor | resistivity | 3.4×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) | 4.4×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) | (unknown) electrical conductivity | 2.9×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) | 2.3×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) | (unknown) magnetic type | paramagnetic | paramagnetic | paramagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | 2.139×10^-5 | 1.2×10^-5 | 7.04×10^-4 mass magnetic susceptibility | 1.38×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | 6.9×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | 5.15×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | 5.531×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | 1.68×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | 1.251×10^-8 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | 2.87 eV (Polycrystalline) | 3.66 eV (Polycrystalline) | threshold frequency | 6.94×10^14 Hz (hertz) | 8.85×10^14 Hz (hertz) | superconducting point | | (unknown) | 0.6 K (kelvins) color | (silver) | (silver) | (silver)

| calcium | magnesium | americium valence | 2 | 2 | 4 electronegativity | 1 | 1.31 | 1.3 electron affinity | 2.37 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 0 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | (unknown) first ionization energy | 589.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 737.7 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 578 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 589.8 kJ/mol | 1145.4 kJ/mol | 4912.4 kJ/mol | 6491 kJ/mol | 8153 kJ/mol | 10496 kJ/mol | 12270 kJ/mol | 14206 kJ/mol | 18191 kJ/mol | 20385 kJ/mol | 57110 kJ/mol | 737.7 kJ/mol | 1450.7 kJ/mol | 7732.7 kJ/mol | 10542.5 kJ/mol | 13630 kJ/mol | 18020 kJ/mol | 21711 kJ/mol | 25661 kJ/mol | 31653 kJ/mol | 35458 kJ/mol | 578 kJ/mol

Reactivity

| calcium | magnesium | americium term symbol | ^1S_0 | ^1S_0 | ^8S_(7/2) atomic radius | 180 pm | 150 pm | 175 pm covalent radius | 176 pm | 141 pm | 180 pm van der Waals radius | | 173 pm | (unknown) (electronic ground state properties)

| calcium | magnesium | americium universe abundance | 0.007 mass% | 0.06 mass% | solar abundance | 0.007 mass% | 0.07 mass% | 0 mass% meteorite abundance | 1.1 mass% | 12 mass% | 0 mass% crust abundance | 5 mass% | 2.9 mass% | 0 mass% ocean abundance | 4.2×10^-4 mass% | 0.13 mass% | 0 mass% human abundance | 1.4 mass% | 0.027 mass% | 0 mass% universe molar abundance | 2×10^-4 mol% | 0.003 mol% | solar molar abundance | 2×10^-4 mol% | 0.003 mol% | 0 mol% meteorite molar abundance | 0.52 mol% | 10 mol% | 0 mol% ocean molar abundance | 6.5×10^-5 mol% | 0.034 mol% | 0 mol% crust molar abundance | 2.6 mol% | 2.5 mol% | 0 mol% human molar abundance | 0.22 mol% | 0.007 mol% | 0 mol%