group 5 elements

group 5 elements

vanadium | niobium | tantalum | dubnium

Periodic table location

Images

| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration vanadium | V | 23 | [Ar]4s^23d^3 niobium | Nb | 41 | [Kr]5s^14d^4 tantalum | Ta | 73 | [Xe]6s^24f^145d^3 dubnium | Db | 105 | [Rn]7s^25f^146d^3 | Aufbau diagram | block | group vanadium | 3d 4s | d | 5 niobium | 4d 5s | d | 5 tantalum | 5d 4f 6s | d | 5 dubnium | 6d 5f 7s | d | 5 | period | atomic mass | half-life vanadium | 4 | 50.9415 u | (stable) niobium | 5 | 92.90637 u | (stable) tantalum | 6 | 180.94788 u | (stable) dubnium | 7 | 270 u | 5.6 h

phase at STP | all | solid melting point | median | 2477 °C | highest | 3017 °C (tantalum) | lowest | 1910 °C (vanadium) | distribution | boiling point | median | 4744 °C | highest | 5458 °C (tantalum) | lowest | 3407 °C (vanadium) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 26.8 kJ/mol | highest | 36 kJ/mol (tantalum) | lowest | 22.8 kJ/mol (vanadium) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 690 kJ/mol | highest | 735 kJ/mol (tantalum) | lowest | 453 kJ/mol (vanadium) | distribution | specific heat at STP | median | 265 J/(kg K) | highest | 489 J/(kg K) (vanadium) | lowest | 140 J/(kg K) (tantalum) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

density | median | 8.57 g/cm^3 | highest | 16.65 g/cm^3 (tantalum) | lowest | 6.11 g/cm^3 (vanadium) | distribution | molar volume | median | 10.84 cm^3/mol | highest | 10.868 cm^3/mol (tantalum) | lowest | 8.337 cm^3/mol (vanadium) Mohs hardness | median | 6.5 | highest | 7 (≈ quartz) (vanadium) | lowest | 6 (≈ microcline) (niobium) | distribution | Vickers hardness | all | 628 MPa | 873 MPa | 1320 MPa Brinell hardness | all | 628 MPa | 736 MPa | 800 MPa bulk modulus | median | 170 GPa | highest | 200 GPa (tantalum) | lowest | 160 GPa (vanadium) | distribution | shear modulus | median | 47 GPa | highest | 69 GPa (tantalum) | lowest | 38 GPa (niobium) | distribution | Young's modulus | median | 128 GPa | highest | 186 GPa (tantalum) | lowest | 105 GPa (niobium) | distribution | Poisson ratio | all | 0.34 | 0.37 | 0.4 sound speed | median | 3480 m/s | highest | 4560 m/s (vanadium) | lowest | 3400 m/s (tantalum) thermal expansion | median | 7.3×10^-6 K^(-1) | highest | 8.4×10^-6 K^(-1) (vanadium) | lowest | 6.3×10^-6 K^(-1) (tantalum) | distribution | thermal conductivity | median | 54 W/(m K) | highest | 57 W/(m K) (tantalum) | lowest | 31 W/(m K) (vanadium) (properties at standard conditions)

resistivity | median | 1.5×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 2×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) (vanadium) | lowest | 1.3×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) (tantalum) | distribution | electrical conductivity | median | 6.7×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 7.7×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) (tantalum) | lowest | 5×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) (vanadium) | distribution | volume magnetic susceptibility | median | 2.37×10^-4 | highest | 3.837×10^-4 (vanadium) | lowest | 1.782×10^-4 (tantalum) | distribution | mass magnetic susceptibility | median | 2.76×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | highest | 6.28×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (vanadium) | lowest | 1.07×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (tantalum) | distribution | molar magnetic susceptibility | median | 2.56×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | highest | 3.199×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (vanadium) | lowest | 1.936×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (tantalum) | distribution | work function | all | 4.3 eV | (3.95 to 4.87) eV | (4 to 4.8) eV superconducting point | median | 5.4 K (kelvins) | highest | 9.25 K (kelvins) (niobium) | lowest | 4.47 K (kelvins) (tantalum)

valence | median | 5 | highest | 5 (4 elements) | lowest | 5 (4 elements) electronegativity | median | 1.6 | highest | 1.63 (vanadium) | lowest | 1.5 (tantalum) electron affinity | median | 50.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 86.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (niobium) | lowest | 31 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (tantalum) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 652.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 761 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (tantalum) | lowest | 650.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (vanadium)

term symbol | all | ^4F_(3/2) | ^6D_(1/2) atomic radius | median | 145 pm | highest | 145 pm (niobium and tantalum) | lowest | 135 pm (vanadium) covalent radius | median | 164 pm | highest | 170 pm (tantalum) | lowest | 153 pm (vanadium) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)