cerium vs neodymium vs erbium vs terbium

cerium (chemical element) | neodymium (chemical element) | erbium (chemical element) | terbium (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration cerium | Ce | 58 | [Xe]6s^24f^15d^1 neodymium | Nd | 60 | [Xe]6s^24f^4 erbium | Er | 68 | [Xe]6s^24f^12 terbium | Tb | 65 | [Xe]6s^24f^9 | Aufbau diagram | block cerium | 5d 4f 6s | f neodymium | 4f 6s | f erbium | 4f 6s | f terbium | 4f 6s | f | period | atomic mass | half-life cerium | 6 | 140.116 u | (stable) neodymium | 6 | 144.242 u | (stable) erbium | 6 | 167.259 u | (stable) terbium | 6 | 158.92535 u | (stable)

phase at STP | all | solid melting point | median | 1189 °C | highest | 1497 °C (erbium) | lowest | 798 °C (cerium) | distribution | boiling point | median | 3200 °C | highest | 3360 °C (cerium) | lowest | 2868 °C (erbium) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 8.9 kJ/mol | highest | 19.9 kJ/mol (erbium) | lowest | 5.5 kJ/mol (cerium) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 290 kJ/mol | highest | 350 kJ/mol (cerium) | lowest | 285 kJ/mol (neodymium and erbium) specific heat at STP | median | 186 J/(kg K) | highest | 192 J/(kg K) (cerium) | lowest | 168 J/(kg K) (erbium) | distribution | Néel point | median | 51 K | highest | 230 K (terbium) | lowest | 12.5 K (cerium) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

density | median | 7.614 g/cm^3 | highest | 9.066 g/cm^3 (erbium) | lowest | 6.689 g/cm^3 (cerium) | distribution | liquid density | median | 7.27 g/cm^3 | highest | 8.86 g/cm^3 (erbium) | lowest | 6.55 g/cm^3 (cerium) | distribution | molar volume | median | 19.96 cm^3/mol | highest | 20.95 cm^3/mol (cerium) | lowest | 18.45 cm^3/mol (erbium) | distribution | Mohs hardness | median | 2.2 | highest | 2.5 (between gypsum and calcite) (cerium) | lowest | 1.2 (between talc and gypsum) (neodymium) | distribution | Vickers hardness | all | 270 MPa | 343 MPa | 589 MPa | 863 MPa Brinell hardness | all | 265 MPa | 412 MPa | 677 MPa | 814 MPa bulk modulus | median | 35 GPa | highest | 44 GPa (erbium) | lowest | 22 GPa (cerium) | distribution | shear modulus | median | 19 GPa | highest | 28 GPa (erbium) | lowest | 14 GPa (cerium) | distribution | Young's modulus | median | 49 GPa | highest | 70 GPa (erbium) | lowest | 34 GPa (cerium) | distribution | Poisson ratio | all | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.28 tensile yield strength | median | 75 MPa | highest | 165 MPa (neodymium) | lowest | 60 MPa (erbium and terbium) | distribution | ultimate tensile strength | all | 100 MPa | 136 MPa | 140 MPa | 170 MPa sound speed | median | 2475 m/s | highest | 2830 m/s (erbium) | lowest | 2100 m/s (cerium) | distribution | thermal expansion | median | 9.9×10^-6 K^(-1) | highest | 1.22×10^-5 K^(-1) (erbium) | lowest | 6.3×10^-6 K^(-1) (cerium) | distribution | thermal conductivity | median | 13 W/(m K) | highest | 17 W/(m K) (neodymium) | lowest | 11 W/(m K) (cerium and terbium) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

resistivity | median | 8×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 1.2×10^-6 Ω m (ohm meters) (terbium) | lowest | 6.4×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) (neodymium) electrical conductivity | median | 1.3×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 1.6×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) (neodymium) | lowest | 830000 S/m (siemens per meter) (terbium) | distribution | volume magnetic susceptibility | median | 0.0187718 | highest | 0.1117784 (terbium) | lowest | 0.0014716 (cerium) | distribution | mass magnetic susceptibility | median | 2.125×10^-6 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | highest | 1.36×10^-5 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (terbium) | lowest | 2.2×10^-7 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (cerium) molar magnetic susceptibility | median | 3.499×10^-7 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | highest | 2.161385×10^-6 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (terbium) | lowest | 3.0826×10^-8 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (cerium) | distribution | Néel point | median | 51 K (kelvins) | highest | 230 K (kelvins) (terbium) | lowest | 12.5 K (kelvins) (cerium) | distribution | work function | all | 2.9 eV | 3 eV | 3.2 eV

valence | median | 3 | highest | 4 (cerium) | lowest | 3 (3 elements) electronegativity | median | 1.14 | highest | 1.24 (erbium) | lowest | 1.12 (cerium) electron affinity | median | 50 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 50 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (4 elements) | lowest | 50 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (4 elements) first ionization energy | median | 550.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 589.3 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (erbium) | lowest | 533.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (neodymium) | distribution |

term symbol | all | ^1G_4 | ^3H_6 | ^5I_4 | ^6H_(15/2) atomic radius | median | 180 pm | highest | 185 pm (cerium and neodymium) | lowest | 175 pm (erbium and terbium) covalent radius | median | 197 pm | highest | 204 pm (cerium) | lowest | 189 pm (erbium) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)

universe abundance | median | 6×10^-7 mass% | highest | 1×10^-6 mass% (cerium and neodymium) | lowest | 5×10^-8 mass% (terbium) solar abundance | median | 2×10^-7 mass% | highest | 4×10^-7 mass% (cerium) | lowest | 1×10^-8 mass% (terbium) | distribution | meteorite abundance | median | 3.4×10^-5 mass% | highest | 7.5×10^-5 mass% (cerium) | lowest | 3.9×10^-6 mass% (terbium) crust abundance | median | 0.0018 mass% | highest | 0.006 mass% (cerium) | lowest | 9.3×10^-5 mass% (terbium) ocean abundance | median | 1.1×10^-10 mass% | highest | 2.8×10^-10 mass% (neodymium) | lowest | 1.4×10^-11 mass% (terbium) | distribution | universe molar abundance | median | 5×10^-9 mol% | highest | 9×10^-9 mol% (cerium and neodymium) | lowest | 4×10^-10 mol% (terbium) solar molar abundance | median | 1.5×10^-9 mol% | highest | 3×10^-9 mol% (cerium) | lowest | 9.9×10^-11 mol% (terbium) | distribution | meteorite molar abundance | median | 4.5×10^-6 mol% | highest | 1.1×10^-5 mol% (cerium) | lowest | 5×10^-7 mol% (terbium) | distribution | ocean molar abundance | median | 8.7×10^-12 mol% | highest | 5×10^-6 mol% (terbium) | lowest | 3.3×10^-12 mol% (erbium) crust molar abundance | median | 2.6×10^-4 mol% | highest | 8.9×10^-4 mol% (cerium) | lowest | 1.2×10^-5 mol% (terbium) | distribution |