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sulfur vs oxygen vs selenium

Input interpretation

sulfur (chemical element) | oxygen (chemical element) | selenium (chemical element)
sulfur (chemical element) | oxygen (chemical element) | selenium (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Periodic table location
Periodic table location

Images

Images
Images

Basic elemental properties

| sulfur | oxygen | selenium atomic symbol | S | O | Se atomic number | 16 | 8 | 34 short electronic configuration | [Ne]3s^23p^4 | [He]2s^22p^4 | [Ar]4s^23d^104p^4 Aufbau diagram | 3p 3s | 2p 2s | 4p 3d 4s block | p | p | p group | 16 | 16 | 16 period | 3 | 2 | 4 atomic mass | 32.06 u | 15.999 u | 78.971 u half-life | (stable) | (stable) | (stable)
| sulfur | oxygen | selenium atomic symbol | S | O | Se atomic number | 16 | 8 | 34 short electronic configuration | [Ne]3s^23p^4 | [He]2s^22p^4 | [Ar]4s^23d^104p^4 Aufbau diagram | 3p 3s | 2p 2s | 4p 3d 4s block | p | p | p group | 16 | 16 | 16 period | 3 | 2 | 4 atomic mass | 32.06 u | 15.999 u | 78.971 u half-life | (stable) | (stable) | (stable)

Thermodynamic properties

| sulfur | oxygen | selenium phase at STP | solid | gas | solid melting point | 115.21 °C | -218.3 °C | 221 °C boiling point | 444.72 °C | -182.9 °C | 685 °C critical temperature | 1314 K | 154.59 K | 1766 K critical pressure | 20.7 MPa | 5.043 MPa | 27.2 MPa molar heat of fusion | 1.73 kJ/mol | 0.222 kJ/mol | 5.4 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 9.8 kJ/mol | 3.41 kJ/mol | 26 kJ/mol specific heat at STP | 705 J/(kg K) | 919 J/(kg K) | 321.2 J/(kg K) adiabatic index | | 7/5 | (properties at standard conditions)
| sulfur | oxygen | selenium phase at STP | solid | gas | solid melting point | 115.21 °C | -218.3 °C | 221 °C boiling point | 444.72 °C | -182.9 °C | 685 °C critical temperature | 1314 K | 154.59 K | 1766 K critical pressure | 20.7 MPa | 5.043 MPa | 27.2 MPa molar heat of fusion | 1.73 kJ/mol | 0.222 kJ/mol | 5.4 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 9.8 kJ/mol | 3.41 kJ/mol | 26 kJ/mol specific heat at STP | 705 J/(kg K) | 919 J/(kg K) | 321.2 J/(kg K) adiabatic index | | 7/5 | (properties at standard conditions)

Material properties

| sulfur | oxygen | selenium density | 1.96 g/cm^3 | 0.001429 g/cm^3 | 4.819 g/cm^3 liquid density | 1.819 g/cm^3 | | 3.99 g/cm^3 molar volume | 16.36 cm^3/mol | 11200 cm^3/mol | 16.39 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 2 (≈ gypsum) | | 2 (≈ gypsum) Brinell hardness | | | 736 MPa bulk modulus | 7.7 GPa | | 8.3 GPa shear modulus | | | 3.7 GPa Young's modulus | | | 10 GPa Poisson ratio | | | 0.33 refractive index | 1.001111 | 1.000271 | 1.000895 sound speed | | 317.5 m/s | 3350 m/s thermal conductivity | 0.205 W/(m K) | 0.02658 W/(m K) | 0.52 W/(m K) (properties at standard conditions)
| sulfur | oxygen | selenium density | 1.96 g/cm^3 | 0.001429 g/cm^3 | 4.819 g/cm^3 liquid density | 1.819 g/cm^3 | | 3.99 g/cm^3 molar volume | 16.36 cm^3/mol | 11200 cm^3/mol | 16.39 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 2 (≈ gypsum) | | 2 (≈ gypsum) Brinell hardness | | | 736 MPa bulk modulus | 7.7 GPa | | 8.3 GPa shear modulus | | | 3.7 GPa Young's modulus | | | 10 GPa Poisson ratio | | | 0.33 refractive index | 1.001111 | 1.000271 | 1.000895 sound speed | | 317.5 m/s | 3350 m/s thermal conductivity | 0.205 W/(m K) | 0.02658 W/(m K) | 0.52 W/(m K) (properties at standard conditions)

Electromagnetic properties

| sulfur | oxygen | selenium electrical type | insulator | | resistivity | 1×10^15 Ω m (ohm meters) | | electrical conductivity | 1×10^-15 S/m (siemens per meter) | | magnetic type | diamagnetic | paramagnetic | diamagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | -1.22×10^-5 | 1.90772×10^-6 | -1.93×10^-5 mass magnetic susceptibility | -6.2×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | 1.335×10^-6 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | -4×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | -1.99×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | 4.27184×10^-8 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | -3.16×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | | | 5.9 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | | | 1.427×10^15 Hz (hertz) color | (yellow) | (colorless) | (gray) refractive index | 1.001111 | 1.000271 | 1.000895
| sulfur | oxygen | selenium electrical type | insulator | | resistivity | 1×10^15 Ω m (ohm meters) | | electrical conductivity | 1×10^-15 S/m (siemens per meter) | | magnetic type | diamagnetic | paramagnetic | diamagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | -1.22×10^-5 | 1.90772×10^-6 | -1.93×10^-5 mass magnetic susceptibility | -6.2×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | 1.335×10^-6 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | -4×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | -1.99×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | 4.27184×10^-8 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | -3.16×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | | | 5.9 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | | | 1.427×10^15 Hz (hertz) color | (yellow) | (colorless) | (gray) refractive index | 1.001111 | 1.000271 | 1.000895

Reactivity

| sulfur | oxygen | selenium valence | 6 | 2 | 6 electronegativity | 2.58 | 3.44 | 2.55 electron affinity | 200 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 141 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 195 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 999.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 1313.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 941 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 999.6 kJ/mol | 2252 kJ/mol | 3357 kJ/mol | 4556 kJ/mol | 7004.3 kJ/mol | 8495.8 kJ/mol | 27107 kJ/mol | 31719 kJ/mol | 36621 kJ/mol | 43177 kJ/mol | 1313.9 kJ/mol | 3388.3 kJ/mol | 5300.5 kJ/mol | 7469.2 kJ/mol | 10989.5 kJ/mol | 13326.5 kJ/mol | 71330 kJ/mol | 84078 kJ/mol | 941 kJ/mol | 2045 kJ/mol | 2973.7 kJ/mol | 4144 kJ/mol | 6590 kJ/mol | 7880 kJ/mol | 14990 kJ/mol
| sulfur | oxygen | selenium valence | 6 | 2 | 6 electronegativity | 2.58 | 3.44 | 2.55 electron affinity | 200 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 141 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 195 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 999.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 1313.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 941 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 999.6 kJ/mol | 2252 kJ/mol | 3357 kJ/mol | 4556 kJ/mol | 7004.3 kJ/mol | 8495.8 kJ/mol | 27107 kJ/mol | 31719 kJ/mol | 36621 kJ/mol | 43177 kJ/mol | 1313.9 kJ/mol | 3388.3 kJ/mol | 5300.5 kJ/mol | 7469.2 kJ/mol | 10989.5 kJ/mol | 13326.5 kJ/mol | 71330 kJ/mol | 84078 kJ/mol | 941 kJ/mol | 2045 kJ/mol | 2973.7 kJ/mol | 4144 kJ/mol | 6590 kJ/mol | 7880 kJ/mol | 14990 kJ/mol
Reactivity
Reactivity

Atomic properties

| sulfur | oxygen | selenium term symbol | ^3P_2 | ^3P_2 | ^3P_2 atomic radius | 100 pm | 60 pm | 115 pm covalent radius | 105 pm | 66 pm | 120 pm van der Waals radius | 180 pm | 152 pm | 190 pm (electronic ground state properties)
| sulfur | oxygen | selenium term symbol | ^3P_2 | ^3P_2 | ^3P_2 atomic radius | 100 pm | 60 pm | 115 pm covalent radius | 105 pm | 66 pm | 120 pm van der Waals radius | 180 pm | 152 pm | 190 pm (electronic ground state properties)

Abundances

| sulfur | oxygen | selenium universe abundance | 0.05 mass% | 1 mass% | 3×10^-6 mass% solar abundance | 0.04 mass% | 0.9 mass% | meteorite abundance | 4 mass% | 40 mass% | 0.0013 mass% crust abundance | 0.042 mass% | 46 mass% | 5×10^-6 mass% ocean abundance | 0.093 mass% | 86 mass% | 4.5×10^-8 mass% human abundance | 0.2 mass% | 61 mass% | 5×10^-6 mass% universe molar abundance | 0.002 mol% | 0.08 mol% | 5×10^-8 mol% solar molar abundance | 9.9×10^-4 mol% | 0.07 mol% | meteorite molar abundance | 2.2 mol% | 48 mol% | 2.9×10^-4 mol% ocean molar abundance | 0.018 mol% | 33 mol% | 3.5×10^-9 mol% crust molar abundance | 0.027 mol% | 60 mol% | 9.9×10^-7 mol% human molar abundance | 0.039 mol% | 24 mol% | 4×10^-7 mol%
| sulfur | oxygen | selenium universe abundance | 0.05 mass% | 1 mass% | 3×10^-6 mass% solar abundance | 0.04 mass% | 0.9 mass% | meteorite abundance | 4 mass% | 40 mass% | 0.0013 mass% crust abundance | 0.042 mass% | 46 mass% | 5×10^-6 mass% ocean abundance | 0.093 mass% | 86 mass% | 4.5×10^-8 mass% human abundance | 0.2 mass% | 61 mass% | 5×10^-6 mass% universe molar abundance | 0.002 mol% | 0.08 mol% | 5×10^-8 mol% solar molar abundance | 9.9×10^-4 mol% | 0.07 mol% | meteorite molar abundance | 2.2 mol% | 48 mol% | 2.9×10^-4 mol% ocean molar abundance | 0.018 mol% | 33 mol% | 3.5×10^-9 mol% crust molar abundance | 0.027 mol% | 60 mol% | 9.9×10^-7 mol% human molar abundance | 0.039 mol% | 24 mol% | 4×10^-7 mol%

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