strontium vs sodium vs calcium vs potassium

strontium (chemical element) | sodium (chemical element) | calcium (chemical element) | potassium (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration strontium | Sr | 38 | [Kr]5s^2 sodium | Na | 11 | [Ne]3s^1 calcium | Ca | 20 | [Ar]4s^2 potassium | K | 19 | [Ar]4s^1 | Aufbau diagram | block | group strontium | 5s | s | 2 sodium | 3s | s | 1 calcium | 4s | s | 2 potassium | 4s | s | 1 | period | atomic mass | half-life strontium | 5 | 87.62 u | (stable) sodium | 3 | 22.98976928 u | (stable) calcium | 4 | 40.078 u | (stable) potassium | 4 | 39.0983 u | (stable)

phase at STP | all | solid melting point | median | 437 °C | highest | 842 °C (calcium) | lowest | 63.38 °C (potassium) boiling point | median | 1132 °C | highest | 1484 °C (calcium) | lowest | 759 °C (potassium) molar heat of fusion | median | 5.57 kJ/mol | highest | 8.54 kJ/mol (calcium) | lowest | 2.33 kJ/mol (potassium) molar heat of vaporization | median | 117 kJ/mol | highest | 155 kJ/mol (calcium) | lowest | 76.9 kJ/mol (potassium) | distribution | specific heat at STP | median | 694 J/(kg K) | highest | 1230 J/(kg K) (sodium) | lowest | 300 J/(kg K) (strontium) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

density | median | 1.26 g/cm^3 | highest | 2.63 g/cm^3 (strontium) | lowest | 0.856 g/cm^3 (potassium) | distribution | liquid density | median | 1.15 g/cm^3 | highest | 2.375 g/cm^3 (strontium) | lowest | 0.828 g/cm^3 (potassium) | distribution | molar volume | median | 29.59 cm^3/mol | highest | 45.7 cm^3/mol (potassium) | lowest | 23.7 cm^3/mol (sodium) | distribution | Mohs hardness | median | 1 | highest | 1.75 (between gypsum and talc) (calcium) | lowest | 0.4 (between talc and gypsum) (potassium) | distribution | Brinell hardness | all | 0.363 MPa | 0.69 MPa | 167 MPa bulk modulus | median | 6.3 GPa | highest | 17 GPa (calcium) | lowest | 3.1 GPa (potassium) | distribution | shear modulus | median | 4.7 GPa | highest | 7.4 GPa (calcium) | lowest | 1.3 GPa (potassium) | distribution | Poisson ratio | all | 0.28 | 0.31 ultimate tensile strength | all | 10 MPa sound speed | median | 3200 m/s | highest | 3810 m/s (calcium) | lowest | 2000 m/s (potassium) | distribution | thermal expansion | median | 2.25×10^-5 K^(-1) | highest | 7.1×10^-5 K^(-1) (sodium) | lowest | 2.23×10^-5 K^(-1) (calcium) thermal conductivity | median | 120 W/(m K) | highest | 200 W/(m K) (calcium) | lowest | 35 W/(m K) (strontium) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

resistivity | median | 5.8×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 1.3×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) (strontium) | lowest | 3.4×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) (calcium) | distribution | electrical conductivity | median | 1.8×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 2.9×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) (calcium) | lowest | 7.7×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) (strontium) | distribution | volume magnetic susceptibility | median | 7.1×10^-6 | highest | 2.139×10^-5 (calcium) | lowest | 3.47×10^-6 (strontium) | distribution | mass magnetic susceptibility | median | 7.7×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | highest | 1.38×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (calcium) | lowest | 1.32×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (strontium) | distribution | molar magnetic susceptibility | median | 2.3×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | highest | 5.531×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (calcium) | lowest | 1.16×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (strontium) | distribution | work function | all | 2.29 eV | 2.36 eV | 2.59 eV | 2.87 eV

valence | median | 1.5 | highest | 2 (strontium and calcium) | lowest | 1 (sodium and potassium) electronegativity | median | 0.94 | highest | 1 (calcium) | lowest | 0.82 (potassium) | distribution | electron affinity | median | 26.7 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 52.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (sodium) | lowest | 2.37 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (calcium) first ionization energy | median | 522.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 589.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (calcium) | lowest | 418.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (potassium) | distribution |

term symbol | all | ^1S_0 | ^2S_(1/2) atomic radius | median | 190 pm | highest | 220 pm (potassium) | lowest | 180 pm (sodium and calcium) | distribution | covalent radius | median | 186 pm | highest | 203 pm (potassium) | lowest | 166 pm (sodium) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)

universe abundance | median | 0.0012 mass% | highest | 0.007 mass% (calcium) | lowest | 4×10^-6 mass% (strontium) solar abundance | median | 0.0022 mass% | highest | 0.007 mass% (calcium) | lowest | 5×10^-6 mass% (strontium) | distribution | meteorite abundance | median | 0.31 mass% | highest | 1.1 mass% (calcium) | lowest | 8.7×10^-4 mass% (strontium) | distribution | crust abundance | median | 1.9 mass% | highest | 5 mass% (calcium) | lowest | 0.036 mass% (strontium) | distribution | ocean abundance | median | 0.021 mass% | highest | 1.1 mass% (sodium) | lowest | 4.2×10^-4 mass% (calcium) human abundance | median | 0.17 mass% | highest | 1.4 mass% (calcium) | lowest | 4.6×10^-4 mass% (strontium) universe molar abundance | median | 5.5×10^-5 mol% | highest | 2×10^-4 mol% (calcium) | lowest | 6×10^-8 mol% (strontium) solar molar abundance | median | 1×10^-4 mol% | highest | 2×10^-4 mol% (sodium and calcium) | lowest | 7×10^-8 mol% (strontium) meteorite molar abundance | median | 0.26 mol% | highest | 0.52 mol% (calcium) | lowest | 2×10^-4 mol% (strontium) ocean molar abundance | median | 0.0033 mol% | highest | 0.3 mol% (sodium) | lowest | 5.7×10^-5 mol% (strontium) crust molar abundance | median | 1.4 mol% | highest | 2.6 mol% (calcium) | lowest | 0.0085 mol% (strontium) human molar abundance | median | 0.035 mol% | highest | 0.22 mol% (calcium) | lowest | 3.3×10^-5 mol% (strontium)