Input interpretation
sulfuric acid + sodium nitrate + sodium iodide ⟶ water + iodine + sodium sulfate + nitrogen dioxide
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + + ⟶ + + + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 + c_3 ⟶ c_4 + c_5 + c_6 + c_7 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, O, S, N, Na and I: H: | 2 c_1 = 2 c_4 O: | 4 c_1 + 3 c_2 = c_4 + 4 c_6 + 2 c_7 S: | c_1 = c_6 N: | c_2 = c_7 Na: | c_2 + c_3 = 2 c_6 I: | c_3 = 2 c_5 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_5 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 2 c_3 = 2 c_4 = 2 c_5 = 1 c_6 = 2 c_7 = 2 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 + 2 + 2 ⟶ 2 + + 2 + 2
Structures
+ + ⟶ + + +
Names
sulfuric acid + sodium nitrate + sodium iodide ⟶ water + iodine + sodium sulfate + nitrogen dioxide
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| sulfuric acid | sodium nitrate | sodium iodide | water | iodine | sodium sulfate | nitrogen dioxide molecular enthalpy | -814 kJ/mol | -467.9 kJ/mol | -287.8 kJ/mol | -285.8 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -1387 kJ/mol | 33.2 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -1628 kJ/mol | -935.8 kJ/mol | -575.6 kJ/mol | -571.7 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -2774 kJ/mol | 66.4 kJ/mol | H_initial = -3139 kJ/mol | | | H_final = -3279 kJ/mol | | | ΔH_rxn^0 | -3279 kJ/mol - -3139 kJ/mol = -140.1 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | | | | |
Gibbs free energy
| sulfuric acid | sodium nitrate | sodium iodide | water | iodine | sodium sulfate | nitrogen dioxide molecular free energy | -690 kJ/mol | -366 kJ/mol | -286.1 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -1270 kJ/mol | 51.3 kJ/mol total free energy | -1380 kJ/mol | -732 kJ/mol | -572.2 kJ/mol | -474.2 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -2540 kJ/mol | 102.6 kJ/mol | G_initial = -2684 kJ/mol | | | G_final = -2912 kJ/mol | | | ΔG_rxn^0 | -2912 kJ/mol - -2684 kJ/mol = -227.8 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | | | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| sulfuric acid | sodium nitrate | sodium iodide | water | iodine | sodium sulfate | nitrogen dioxide Hill formula | H_2O_4S | NNaO_3 | INa | H_2O | I_2 | Na_2O_4S | NO_2 name | sulfuric acid | sodium nitrate | sodium iodide | water | iodine | sodium sulfate | nitrogen dioxide IUPAC name | sulfuric acid | sodium nitrate | sodium iodide | water | molecular iodine | disodium sulfate | Nitrogen dioxide