Input interpretation
mixed acid fermentation (human metabolic pathway)
Alternate name
fermentation
Pathway topology
Pathway topology
Pathway components
| fumaric acid | allomaleic acid | boletic acid | but-2-enedioic acid | trans-1, 2-ethylenedicarboxylic acid | trans-butenedioic acid | 116.1 g/mol | | HOOCCH=CHCOOH | succinic acid | 118.1 g/mol | | HOOCCH_2CH_2COOH | pyruvic acid | α-ketopropionic acid | 88.1 g/mol | | CH_3COCOOH | dry ice | solid carbon dioxide | 44 g/mol | | CO_2 | acetic acid | acetic acid, glacial | ethanoic acid | ethylic acid | glacial acetic acid | methanecarboxylic acid | vinegar acid | 60.1 g/mol | | CH_3CO_2H | formic acid | myrmicyl | 46 g/mol | | HCOOH | liquid hydrogen | liquefied hydrogen | 2 g/mol | | H_2 | phosphoenolpyruvate | 168 g/mol | | C_3H_5O_6P | oxalacetic acid | 2-oxobutanedioic acid | ketosuccinic acid | oxaloacetic acid | oxosuccinic acid | 132.1 g/mol | | HOCOCOCH_2COOH | (S)-malic acid | (2S)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid | (2S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid | (-)-hydroxysuccinic acid | L-hydroxybutanedioic acid | L-malic acid | (S)-(-)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid | 134.1 g/mol | | HO_2CCH_2CH(OH)CO_2H | poly-(L-lactide) | (2R)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid | lactic acid | L-lactide polymer | | | (C_3H_6O_3)_n | acetaldehyde | acetic aldehyde | aldehyde | ethanal | ethyl aldehyde | 44.1 g/mol | | CH_3CHO | ethanol | algrain | anhydrol | fermentation alcohol | grain alcohol | potato alcohol | tecsol | 46.1 g/mol | | CH_3CH_2OH | acetyl-CoA | acetyl coenzyme-A | ac-CoA | acetylcoenzyme-A | acetyl-S-CoA | ac-S-CoA | 809.6 g/mol | | C_23H_38N_7O_17P_3S_1 | acetylphosphate | 140 g/mol | | C_2H_5O_5P
Pathway steps
| reaction ⟶ | + a menaquinol ⟶ + a menaquinone | (none) ⟶ | ⟶ + H_2O | fumarate hydratase, mitochondrial precursor ⟶ | + NADH ⟶ + NAD+ | D-lactate dehydrogenase ⟶ + | + ubiquinone-8 + H_2O ⟶ + + ubiquinol-8 | (none) + ⟶ | + + H_2O ⟶ + phosphate | (none) ⟶ + | ⟶ + | (none) ⟶ | + ADP ⟶ + ATP | pyruvate kinase, isozymes R/L | pyruvate kinase, M1 isozyme ⟶ | + NADH ⟶ + NAD+ | malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor | malate dehydrogenase cytoplasmic | malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic
Related pathways
| overlapping components TCA cycle | lactate oxidation | TCA cycle variation III (eukaryotic) | pyruvate fermentation to propionate I | glutamate degradation VII | Entner-Doudoroff pathway II (non-phosphorylative) |