Input interpretation
![lead(II) perchlorate hydrate | element types](../image_source/f6220cce086da3064099abb6fdca1315.png)
lead(II) perchlorate hydrate | element types
Result
![chlorine | hydrogen | oxygen | lead](../image_source/3950196b557d04b32e9160f48d8307a2.png)
chlorine | hydrogen | oxygen | lead
Periodic table location
![Periodic table location](../image_source/2f5c2a56eac16da8389e4e0ede13a76f.png)
Periodic table location
Images
![Images](../image_source/e83ad31610160ae034e407d4d6ff9533.png)
Images
Basic elemental properties
![| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration chlorine | Cl | 17 | [Ne]3s^23p^5 hydrogen | H | 1 | 1s^1 oxygen | O | 8 | [He]2s^22p^4 lead | Pb | 82 | [Xe]6s^24f^145d^106p^2 | Aufbau diagram | block | group chlorine | 3p 3s | p | 17 hydrogen | 1s | s | 1 oxygen | 2p 2s | p | 16 lead | 6p 5d 4f 6s | p | 14 | period | atomic mass | half-life chlorine | 3 | 35.45 u | (stable) hydrogen | 1 | 1.008 u | (stable) oxygen | 2 | 15.999 u | (stable) lead | 6 | 207.2 u | (stable)](../image_source/220048fd945228b15fee868eac05bb24.png)
| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration chlorine | Cl | 17 | [Ne]3s^23p^5 hydrogen | H | 1 | 1s^1 oxygen | O | 8 | [He]2s^22p^4 lead | Pb | 82 | [Xe]6s^24f^145d^106p^2 | Aufbau diagram | block | group chlorine | 3p 3s | p | 17 hydrogen | 1s | s | 1 oxygen | 2p 2s | p | 16 lead | 6p 5d 4f 6s | p | 14 | period | atomic mass | half-life chlorine | 3 | 35.45 u | (stable) hydrogen | 1 | 1.008 u | (stable) oxygen | 2 | 15.999 u | (stable) lead | 6 | 207.2 u | (stable)
Thermodynamic properties
![phase at STP | all | gas | solid melting point | median | -159.9 °C | highest | 327.46 °C (lead) | lowest | -259.14 °C (hydrogen) | distribution | boiling point | median | -108.5 °C | highest | 1749 °C (lead) | lowest | -252.87 °C (hydrogen) critical temperature | median | 154.59 K | highest | 416.9 K (chlorine) | lowest | 32.97 K (hydrogen) | distribution | critical pressure | median | 5.043 MPa | highest | 7.991 MPa (chlorine) | lowest | 1.293 MPa (hydrogen) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 1.9 kJ/mol | highest | 4.77 kJ/mol (lead) | lowest | 0.222 kJ/mol (oxygen) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 6.81 kJ/mol | highest | 178 kJ/mol (lead) | lowest | 0.452 kJ/mol (hydrogen) specific heat at STP | median | 699 J/(kg K) | highest | 14300 J/(kg K) (hydrogen) | lowest | 127 J/(kg K) (lead) adiabatic index | all | 7/5 (properties at standard conditions)](../image_source/27aefd6bb06a811f96f750cc7d31eeb7.png)
phase at STP | all | gas | solid melting point | median | -159.9 °C | highest | 327.46 °C (lead) | lowest | -259.14 °C (hydrogen) | distribution | boiling point | median | -108.5 °C | highest | 1749 °C (lead) | lowest | -252.87 °C (hydrogen) critical temperature | median | 154.59 K | highest | 416.9 K (chlorine) | lowest | 32.97 K (hydrogen) | distribution | critical pressure | median | 5.043 MPa | highest | 7.991 MPa (chlorine) | lowest | 1.293 MPa (hydrogen) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 1.9 kJ/mol | highest | 4.77 kJ/mol (lead) | lowest | 0.222 kJ/mol (oxygen) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 6.81 kJ/mol | highest | 178 kJ/mol (lead) | lowest | 0.452 kJ/mol (hydrogen) specific heat at STP | median | 699 J/(kg K) | highest | 14300 J/(kg K) (hydrogen) | lowest | 127 J/(kg K) (lead) adiabatic index | all | 7/5 (properties at standard conditions)
Material properties
![density | median | 0.002321 g/cm^3 | highest | 11.34 g/cm^3 (lead) | lowest | 8.99×10^-5 g/cm^3 (hydrogen) molar volume | median | 11120 cm^3/mol | highest | 11200 cm^3/mol (hydrogen) | lowest | 18.27 cm^3/mol (lead) Brinell hardness | all | 38.3 MPa Poisson ratio | all | 0.44 ultimate tensile strength | all | 18 MPa refractive index | median | 1.000271 | highest | 1.000773 (chlorine) | lowest | 1.000132 (hydrogen) sound speed | median | 788.7 m/s | highest | 1270 m/s (hydrogen) | lowest | 206 m/s (chlorine) | distribution | thermal conductivity | median | 0.1035 W/(m K) | highest | 35 W/(m K) (lead) | lowest | 0.0089 W/(m K) (chlorine) (properties at standard conditions)](../image_source/fd1f97b57e3cbc29d1a0b9917f423d9a.png)
density | median | 0.002321 g/cm^3 | highest | 11.34 g/cm^3 (lead) | lowest | 8.99×10^-5 g/cm^3 (hydrogen) molar volume | median | 11120 cm^3/mol | highest | 11200 cm^3/mol (hydrogen) | lowest | 18.27 cm^3/mol (lead) Brinell hardness | all | 38.3 MPa Poisson ratio | all | 0.44 ultimate tensile strength | all | 18 MPa refractive index | median | 1.000271 | highest | 1.000773 (chlorine) | lowest | 1.000132 (hydrogen) sound speed | median | 788.7 m/s | highest | 1270 m/s (hydrogen) | lowest | 206 m/s (chlorine) | distribution | thermal conductivity | median | 0.1035 W/(m K) | highest | 35 W/(m K) (lead) | lowest | 0.0089 W/(m K) (chlorine) (properties at standard conditions)
Reactivity
![valence | median | 3 | highest | 5 (chlorine) | lowest | 1 (hydrogen) | distribution | electronegativity | median | 2.75 | highest | 3.44 (oxygen) | lowest | 2.2 (hydrogen) electron affinity | median | 107 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 349 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (chlorine) | lowest | 35.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (lead) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 1281.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 1313.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (oxygen) | lowest | 715.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (lead)](../image_source/536d4c0fd2a7b67ef90d26d3ff10da53.png)
valence | median | 3 | highest | 5 (chlorine) | lowest | 1 (hydrogen) | distribution | electronegativity | median | 2.75 | highest | 3.44 (oxygen) | lowest | 2.2 (hydrogen) electron affinity | median | 107 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 349 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (chlorine) | lowest | 35.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (lead) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 1281.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 1313.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (oxygen) | lowest | 715.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (lead)
Atomic properties
![term symbol | all | ^2P_(3/2) | ^2S_(1/2) | ^3P_0 | ^3P_2 atomic radius | median | 80 pm | highest | 180 pm (lead) | lowest | 25 pm (hydrogen) | distribution | covalent radius | median | 84 pm | highest | 146 pm (lead) | lowest | 31 pm (hydrogen) | distribution | van der Waals radius | median | 163 pm | highest | 202 pm (lead) | lowest | 120 pm (hydrogen) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)](../image_source/01c791f4267bb6a2888f9f7506508571.png)
term symbol | all | ^2P_(3/2) | ^2S_(1/2) | ^3P_0 | ^3P_2 atomic radius | median | 80 pm | highest | 180 pm (lead) | lowest | 25 pm (hydrogen) | distribution | covalent radius | median | 84 pm | highest | 146 pm (lead) | lowest | 31 pm (hydrogen) | distribution | van der Waals radius | median | 163 pm | highest | 202 pm (lead) | lowest | 120 pm (hydrogen) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)
Abundances
![universe abundance | median | 0.5 mass% | highest | 75 mass% (hydrogen) | lowest | 1×10^-6 mass% (lead) solar abundance | median | 0.45 mass% | highest | 75 mass% (hydrogen) | lowest | 1×10^-6 mass% (lead) meteorite abundance | median | 1.2 mass% | highest | 40 mass% (oxygen) | lowest | 1.4×10^-4 mass% (lead) crust abundance | median | 0.084 mass% | highest | 46 mass% (oxygen) | lowest | 9.9×10^-4 mass% (lead) ocean abundance | median | 6.5 mass% | highest | 86 mass% (oxygen) | lowest | 3×10^-9 mass% (lead) human abundance | median | 5.1 mass% | highest | 61 mass% (oxygen) | lowest | 1.7×10^-4 mass% (lead) universe molar abundance | median | 0.04 mol% | highest | 93 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 6×10^-9 mol% (lead) solar molar abundance | median | 0.035 mol% | highest | 93 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 7×10^-9 mol% (lead) meteorite molar abundance | median | 8.5 mol% | highest | 48 mol% (oxygen) | lowest | 1×10^-5 mol% (lead) ocean molar abundance | median | 17 mol% | highest | 66 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 9×10^-11 mol% (lead) | distribution | crust molar abundance | median | 1.6 mol% | highest | 60 mol% (oxygen) | lowest | 9.9×10^-5 mol% (lead) human molar abundance | median | 12 mol% | highest | 62 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 5×10^-6 mol% (lead) | distribution |](../image_source/eadd704eb3201d134c24243be4f37011.png)
universe abundance | median | 0.5 mass% | highest | 75 mass% (hydrogen) | lowest | 1×10^-6 mass% (lead) solar abundance | median | 0.45 mass% | highest | 75 mass% (hydrogen) | lowest | 1×10^-6 mass% (lead) meteorite abundance | median | 1.2 mass% | highest | 40 mass% (oxygen) | lowest | 1.4×10^-4 mass% (lead) crust abundance | median | 0.084 mass% | highest | 46 mass% (oxygen) | lowest | 9.9×10^-4 mass% (lead) ocean abundance | median | 6.5 mass% | highest | 86 mass% (oxygen) | lowest | 3×10^-9 mass% (lead) human abundance | median | 5.1 mass% | highest | 61 mass% (oxygen) | lowest | 1.7×10^-4 mass% (lead) universe molar abundance | median | 0.04 mol% | highest | 93 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 6×10^-9 mol% (lead) solar molar abundance | median | 0.035 mol% | highest | 93 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 7×10^-9 mol% (lead) meteorite molar abundance | median | 8.5 mol% | highest | 48 mol% (oxygen) | lowest | 1×10^-5 mol% (lead) ocean molar abundance | median | 17 mol% | highest | 66 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 9×10^-11 mol% (lead) | distribution | crust molar abundance | median | 1.6 mol% | highest | 60 mol% (oxygen) | lowest | 9.9×10^-5 mol% (lead) human molar abundance | median | 12 mol% | highest | 62 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 5×10^-6 mol% (lead) | distribution |