silver vs chlorine vs bismuth vs thallium

silver (chemical element) | chlorine (chemical element) | bismuth (chemical element) | thallium (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration silver | Ag | 47 | [Kr]5s^14d^10 chlorine | Cl | 17 | [Ne]3s^23p^5 bismuth | Bi | 83 | [Xe]6s^24f^145d^106p^3 thallium | Tl | 81 | [Xe]6s^24f^145d^106p^1 | Aufbau diagram | block | group silver | 4d 5s | d | 11 chlorine | 3p 3s | p | 17 bismuth | 6p 5d 4f 6s | p | 15 thallium | 6p 5d 4f 6s | p | 13 | period | atomic mass | half-life silver | 5 | 107.8682 u | (stable) chlorine | 3 | 35.45 u | (stable) bismuth | 6 | 208.9804 u | 1.9×10^19 yr thallium | 6 | 204.38 u | (stable)

phase at STP | all | gas | solid melting point | median | 288 °C | highest | 961.78 °C (silver) | lowest | -101.5 °C (chlorine) | distribution | boiling point | median | 1519 °C | highest | 2162 °C (silver) | lowest | -34.04 °C (chlorine) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 7.5 kJ/mol | highest | 11.3 kJ/mol (silver) | lowest | 3.2 kJ/mol (chlorine) molar heat of vaporization | median | 163 kJ/mol | highest | 255 kJ/mol (silver) | lowest | 10.2 kJ/mol (chlorine) | distribution | specific heat at STP | median | 182 J/(kg K) | highest | 478.2 J/(kg K) (chlorine) | lowest | 122 J/(kg K) (bismuth) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

density | median | 10.13 g/cm^3 | highest | 11.85 g/cm^3 (thallium) | lowest | 0.003214 g/cm^3 (chlorine) | distribution | liquid density | median | 10.05 g/cm^3 | highest | 11.22 g/cm^3 (thallium) | lowest | 9.32 g/cm^3 (silver) | distribution | molar volume | median | 19.31 cm^3/mol | highest | 11030 cm^3/mol (chlorine) | lowest | 10.283 cm^3/mol (silver) Mohs hardness | median | 2.25 | highest | 2.5 (between gypsum and calcite) (silver) | lowest | 1.2 (between talc and gypsum) (thallium) | distribution | Vickers hardness | all | 251 MPa Brinell hardness | all | 24.5 MPa | 26.4 MPa | 94.2 MPa bulk modulus | median | 37 GPa | highest | 100 GPa (silver) | lowest | 1.1 GPa (chlorine) | distribution | shear modulus | median | 12 GPa | highest | 30 GPa (silver) | lowest | 2.8 GPa (thallium) | distribution | Young's modulus | median | 32 GPa | highest | 83 GPa (silver) | lowest | 8 GPa (thallium) | distribution | Poisson ratio | all | 0.33 | 0.37 | 0.45 ultimate tensile strength | all | 7 MPa | 140 MPa sound speed | median | 1304 m/s | highest | 2600 m/s (silver) | lowest | 206 m/s (chlorine) | distribution | thermal expansion | median | 1.89×10^-5 K^(-1) | highest | 2.99×10^-5 K^(-1) (thallium) | lowest | 1.34×10^-5 K^(-1) (bismuth) | distribution | thermal conductivity | median | 27 W/(m K) | highest | 430 W/(m K) (silver) | lowest | 0.0089 W/(m K) (chlorine) (properties at standard conditions)

resistivity | median | 7.2×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 100 Ω m (ohm meters) (chlorine) | lowest | 1.6×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) (silver) electrical conductivity | median | 3.7×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 6.2×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) (silver) | lowest | 0.01 S/m (siemens per meter) (chlorine) volume magnetic susceptibility | median | -2.97×10^-5 | highest | -2.31×10^-8 (chlorine) | lowest | -1.7×10^-4 (bismuth) mass magnetic susceptibility | median | -5.1×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | highest | -2.27×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (silver) | lowest | -1.7×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (bismuth) | distribution | molar magnetic susceptibility | median | -5.62×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | highest | -2.45×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (silver) | lowest | -3.6×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (bismuth) work function | all | 3.84 eV | 4.34 eV | (4.52 to 4.74) eV

valence | median | 4 | highest | 5 (chlorine and bismuth) | lowest | 1 (silver) | distribution | electronegativity | median | 1.97 | highest | 3.16 (chlorine) | lowest | 1.62 (thallium) | distribution | electron affinity | median | 108 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 349 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (chlorine) | lowest | 19.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (thallium) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 717 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 1251.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (chlorine) | lowest | 589.4 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (thallium) | distribution |

term symbol | all | ^2P_(1/2) | ^2P_(3/2) | ^2S_(1/2) | ^4S_(3/2) atomic radius | median | 160 pm | highest | 190 pm (thallium) | lowest | 100 pm (chlorine) | distribution | covalent radius | median | 145 pm | highest | 148 pm (bismuth) | lowest | 102 pm (chlorine) van der Waals radius | median | 175 pm | highest | 196 pm (thallium) | lowest | 172 pm (silver) (electronic ground state properties)

universe abundance | median | 6.5×10^-8 mass% | highest | 1×10^-4 mass% (chlorine) | lowest | 5×10^-8 mass% (thallium) solar abundance | median | 5.5×10^-7 mass% | highest | 8×10^-4 mass% (chlorine) | lowest | 1×10^-7 mass% (silver and thallium) meteorite abundance | median | 1.1×10^-5 mass% | highest | 0.037 mass% (chlorine) | lowest | 6.9×10^-6 mass% (bismuth) crust abundance | median | 3×10^-5 mass% | highest | 0.017 mass% (chlorine) | lowest | 2.5×10^-6 mass% (bismuth) ocean abundance | median | 6×10^-9 mass% | highest | 2 mass% (chlorine) | lowest | 1×10^-10 mass% (thallium) universe molar abundance | median | 5.5×10^-10 mol% | highest | 4×10^-6 mol% (chlorine) | lowest | 3×10^-10 mol% (thallium) solar molar abundance | median | 4×10^-9 mol% | highest | 3×10^-5 mol% (chlorine) | lowest | 9.9×10^-10 mol% (silver and thallium) meteorite molar abundance | median | 1.3×10^-6 mol% | highest | 0.016 mol% (chlorine) | lowest | 5×10^-7 mol% (bismuth) ocean molar abundance | median | 3.1×10^-10 mol% | highest | 0.35 mol% (chlorine) | lowest | 3×10^-12 mol% (thallium) crust molar abundance | median | 3.5×10^-6 mol% | highest | 0.0099 mol% (chlorine) | lowest | 2×10^-7 mol% (bismuth)