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CH3Cl + C6H4CH3Cl = Cl2 + C6H4CH3CH3

Input interpretation

CH_3Cl methyl chloride + C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ Cl_2 chlorine + C_6H_5C_2H_5 ethylbenzene
CH_3Cl methyl chloride + C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ Cl_2 chlorine + C_6H_5C_2H_5 ethylbenzene

Balanced equation

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: CH_3Cl + C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ Cl_2 + C_6H_5C_2H_5 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 CH_3Cl + c_2 C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ c_3 Cl_2 + c_4 C_6H_5C_2H_5 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for C, Cl and H: C: | c_1 + 7 c_2 = 8 c_4 Cl: | c_1 + c_2 = 2 c_3 H: | 3 c_1 + 7 c_2 = 10 c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | CH_3Cl + C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ Cl_2 + C_6H_5C_2H_5
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: CH_3Cl + C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ Cl_2 + C_6H_5C_2H_5 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 CH_3Cl + c_2 C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ c_3 Cl_2 + c_4 C_6H_5C_2H_5 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for C, Cl and H: C: | c_1 + 7 c_2 = 8 c_4 Cl: | c_1 + c_2 = 2 c_3 H: | 3 c_1 + 7 c_2 = 10 c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | CH_3Cl + C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ Cl_2 + C_6H_5C_2H_5

Structures

+ C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ +
+ C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ +

Names

methyl chloride + C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ chlorine + ethylbenzene
methyl chloride + C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ chlorine + ethylbenzene

Equilibrium constant

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: CH_3Cl + C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ Cl_2 + C_6H_5C_2H_5 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: CH_3Cl + C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ Cl_2 + C_6H_5C_2H_5 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i CH_3Cl | 1 | -1 C6H4CH3Cl | 1 | -1 Cl_2 | 1 | 1 C_6H_5C_2H_5 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression CH_3Cl | 1 | -1 | ([CH3Cl])^(-1) C6H4CH3Cl | 1 | -1 | ([C6H4CH3Cl])^(-1) Cl_2 | 1 | 1 | [Cl2] C_6H_5C_2H_5 | 1 | 1 | [C6H5C2H5] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([CH3Cl])^(-1) ([C6H4CH3Cl])^(-1) [Cl2] [C6H5C2H5] = ([Cl2] [C6H5C2H5])/([CH3Cl] [C6H4CH3Cl])
Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: CH_3Cl + C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ Cl_2 + C_6H_5C_2H_5 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: CH_3Cl + C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ Cl_2 + C_6H_5C_2H_5 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i CH_3Cl | 1 | -1 C6H4CH3Cl | 1 | -1 Cl_2 | 1 | 1 C_6H_5C_2H_5 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression CH_3Cl | 1 | -1 | ([CH3Cl])^(-1) C6H4CH3Cl | 1 | -1 | ([C6H4CH3Cl])^(-1) Cl_2 | 1 | 1 | [Cl2] C_6H_5C_2H_5 | 1 | 1 | [C6H5C2H5] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([CH3Cl])^(-1) ([C6H4CH3Cl])^(-1) [Cl2] [C6H5C2H5] = ([Cl2] [C6H5C2H5])/([CH3Cl] [C6H4CH3Cl])

Rate of reaction

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: CH_3Cl + C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ Cl_2 + C_6H_5C_2H_5 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: CH_3Cl + C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ Cl_2 + C_6H_5C_2H_5 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i CH_3Cl | 1 | -1 C6H4CH3Cl | 1 | -1 Cl_2 | 1 | 1 C_6H_5C_2H_5 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term CH_3Cl | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[CH3Cl])/(Δt) C6H4CH3Cl | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[C6H4CH3Cl])/(Δt) Cl_2 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[Cl2])/(Δt) C_6H_5C_2H_5 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[C6H5C2H5])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -(Δ[CH3Cl])/(Δt) = -(Δ[C6H4CH3Cl])/(Δt) = (Δ[Cl2])/(Δt) = (Δ[C6H5C2H5])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Construct the rate of reaction expression for: CH_3Cl + C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ Cl_2 + C_6H_5C_2H_5 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: CH_3Cl + C6H4CH3Cl ⟶ Cl_2 + C_6H_5C_2H_5 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i CH_3Cl | 1 | -1 C6H4CH3Cl | 1 | -1 Cl_2 | 1 | 1 C_6H_5C_2H_5 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term CH_3Cl | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[CH3Cl])/(Δt) C6H4CH3Cl | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[C6H4CH3Cl])/(Δt) Cl_2 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[Cl2])/(Δt) C_6H_5C_2H_5 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[C6H5C2H5])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -(Δ[CH3Cl])/(Δt) = -(Δ[C6H4CH3Cl])/(Δt) = (Δ[Cl2])/(Δt) = (Δ[C6H5C2H5])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

Chemical names and formulas

| methyl chloride | C6H4CH3Cl | chlorine | ethylbenzene formula | CH_3Cl | C6H4CH3Cl | Cl_2 | C_6H_5C_2H_5 Hill formula | CH_3Cl | C7H7Cl | Cl_2 | C_8H_10 name | methyl chloride | | chlorine | ethylbenzene IUPAC name | chloromethane | | molecular chlorine | ethylbenzene
| methyl chloride | C6H4CH3Cl | chlorine | ethylbenzene formula | CH_3Cl | C6H4CH3Cl | Cl_2 | C_6H_5C_2H_5 Hill formula | CH_3Cl | C7H7Cl | Cl_2 | C_8H_10 name | methyl chloride | | chlorine | ethylbenzene IUPAC name | chloromethane | | molecular chlorine | ethylbenzene

Substance properties

| methyl chloride | C6H4CH3Cl | chlorine | ethylbenzene molar mass | 50.48 g/mol | 126.6 g/mol | 70.9 g/mol | 106.17 g/mol phase | gas (at STP) | | gas (at STP) | liquid (at STP) melting point | -97.7 °C | | -101 °C | -95 °C boiling point | -24.09 °C | | -34 °C | 136 °C density | 0.911 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | | 0.003214 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 0.867 g/cm^3 surface tension | 0.0162 N/m | | | 0.0292 N/m dynamic viscosity | 1.834×10^-4 Pa s (at 20 °C) | | | 6.31×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) odor | faint | sweet | | | aromatic
| methyl chloride | C6H4CH3Cl | chlorine | ethylbenzene molar mass | 50.48 g/mol | 126.6 g/mol | 70.9 g/mol | 106.17 g/mol phase | gas (at STP) | | gas (at STP) | liquid (at STP) melting point | -97.7 °C | | -101 °C | -95 °C boiling point | -24.09 °C | | -34 °C | 136 °C density | 0.911 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | | 0.003214 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 0.867 g/cm^3 surface tension | 0.0162 N/m | | | 0.0292 N/m dynamic viscosity | 1.834×10^-4 Pa s (at 20 °C) | | | 6.31×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) odor | faint | sweet | | | aromatic

Units

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