Input interpretation
sodium sulfate decahydrate | element types
Result
hydrogen | sodium | oxygen | sulfur
Periodic table location
Periodic table location
Images
Images
Basic elemental properties
| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration hydrogen | H | 1 | 1s^1 sodium | Na | 11 | [Ne]3s^1 oxygen | O | 8 | [He]2s^22p^4 sulfur | S | 16 | [Ne]3s^23p^4 | Aufbau diagram | block | group hydrogen | 1s | s | 1 sodium | 3s | s | 1 oxygen | 2p 2s | p | 16 sulfur | 3p 3s | p | 16 | period | atomic mass | half-life hydrogen | 1 | 1.008 u | (stable) sodium | 3 | 22.98976928 u | (stable) oxygen | 2 | 15.999 u | (stable) sulfur | 3 | 32.06 u | (stable)
Thermodynamic properties
phase at STP | all | gas | solid melting point | median | -60.3 °C | highest | 115.21 °C (sulfur) | lowest | -259.14 °C (hydrogen) | distribution | boiling point | median | 130.9 °C | highest | 883 °C (sodium) | lowest | -252.87 °C (hydrogen) | distribution | critical temperature | median | 734.3 K | highest | 2573 K (sodium) | lowest | 32.97 K (hydrogen) | distribution | critical pressure | median | 12.9 MPa | highest | 35 MPa (sodium) | lowest | 1.293 MPa (hydrogen) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 1.14 kJ/mol | highest | 2.6 kJ/mol (sodium) | lowest | 0.222 kJ/mol (oxygen) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 6.6 kJ/mol | highest | 97.7 kJ/mol (sodium) | lowest | 0.452 kJ/mol (hydrogen) specific heat at STP | median | 1074 J/(kg K) | highest | 14300 J/(kg K) (hydrogen) | lowest | 705 J/(kg K) (sulfur) (properties at standard conditions)
Material properties
density | median | 0.485 g/cm^3 | highest | 1.96 g/cm^3 (sulfur) | lowest | 8.99×10^-5 g/cm^3 (hydrogen) | distribution | molar volume | median | 5610 cm^3/mol | highest | 11200 cm^3/mol (hydrogen) | lowest | 16.36 cm^3/mol (sulfur) Brinell hardness | all | 0.69 MPa ultimate tensile strength | all | 10 MPa refractive index | median | 1.000271 | highest | 1.001111 (sulfur) | lowest | 1.000132 (hydrogen) sound speed | median | 1270 m/s | highest | 3200 m/s (sodium) | lowest | 317.5 m/s (oxygen) | distribution | thermal conductivity | median | 0.193 W/(m K) | highest | 140 W/(m K) (sodium) | lowest | 0.02658 W/(m K) (oxygen) (properties at standard conditions)
Reactivity
valence | median | 1.5 | highest | 6 (sulfur) | lowest | 1 (hydrogen and sodium) | distribution | electronegativity | median | 2.39 | highest | 3.44 (oxygen) | lowest | 0.93 (sodium) | distribution | electron affinity | median | 107 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 200 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (sulfur) | lowest | 52.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (sodium) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 1156 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 1313.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (oxygen) | lowest | 495.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (sodium) | distribution |
Atomic properties
term symbol | all | ^2S_(1/2) | ^3P_2 atomic radius | median | 80 pm | highest | 180 pm (sodium) | lowest | 25 pm (hydrogen) | distribution | covalent radius | median | 86 pm | highest | 166 pm (sodium) | lowest | 31 pm (hydrogen) | distribution | van der Waals radius | median | 166 pm | highest | 227 pm (sodium) | lowest | 120 pm (hydrogen) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)
Abundances
universe abundance | median | 0.525 mass% | highest | 75 mass% (hydrogen) | lowest | 0.002 mass% (sodium) solar abundance | median | 0.47 mass% | highest | 75 mass% (hydrogen) | lowest | 0.004 mass% (sodium) meteorite abundance | median | 3.2 mass% | highest | 40 mass% (oxygen) | lowest | 0.55 mass% (sodium) crust abundance | median | 1.2 mass% | highest | 46 mass% (oxygen) | lowest | 0.042 mass% (sulfur) ocean abundance | median | 6.1 mass% | highest | 86 mass% (oxygen) | lowest | 0.093 mass% (sulfur) human abundance | median | 5.1 mass% | highest | 61 mass% (oxygen) | lowest | 0.14 mass% (sodium) universe molar abundance | median | 0.041 mol% | highest | 93 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 1×10^-4 mol% (sodium) solar molar abundance | median | 0.035 mol% | highest | 93 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 2×10^-4 mol% (sodium) meteorite molar abundance | median | 9.6 mol% | highest | 48 mol% (oxygen) | lowest | 0.48 mol% (sodium) ocean molar abundance | median | 17 mol% | highest | 66 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 0.018 mol% (sulfur) | distribution | crust molar abundance | median | 2.6 mol% | highest | 60 mol% (oxygen) | lowest | 0.027 mol% (sulfur) human molar abundance | median | 12 mol% | highest | 62 mol% (hydrogen) | lowest | 0.038 mol% (sodium and sulfur) | distribution |