Input interpretation
N-pentane
Chemical names and formulas
formula | CH_3(CH_2)_3CH_3 Hill formula | C_5H_12 name | N-pentane IUPAC name | pentane alternate names | amyl hydride | Freon 601 | pentan | pentane | pentanen | R-601 mass fractions | C (carbon) 83.2% | H (hydrogen) 16.8%
Lewis structure
Draw the Lewis structure of N-pentane. Start by drawing the overall structure of the molecule: Count the total valence electrons of the carbon (n_C, val = 4) and hydrogen (n_H, val = 1) atoms: 5 n_C, val + 12 n_H, val = 32 Calculate the number of electrons needed to completely fill the valence shells for carbon (n_C, full = 8) and hydrogen (n_H, full = 2): 5 n_C, full + 12 n_H, full = 64 Subtracting these two numbers shows that 64 - 32 = 32 bonding electrons are needed. Each bond has two electrons, so the above diagram has all the necessary bonds. There are 16 bonds and hence 32 bonding electrons in the diagram. Lastly, fill in the remaining unbonded electrons on each atom. In total, there remain 32 - 32 = 0 electrons left to draw and the diagram is complete: Answer: | |
3D structure
3D structure
Basic properties
molar mass | 72.15 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) melting point | -129.67 °C boiling point | 36.06 °C density | 0.6262 g/cm^3 dielectric constant | 1.841
Liquid properties (at STP)
density | 0.6262 g/cm^3 vapor pressure | 1395 mmHg dynamic viscosity | 2.24×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) surface tension | 0.016 N/m refractive index | 1.358 UV cutoff wavelength | 210 nm
Units
Thermodynamic properties
specific heat capacity c_p | liquid | 2.317 J/(g K) molar heat capacity c_p | liquid | 167.2 J/(mol K) specific heat of formation Δ_fH° | gas | -2.036 kJ/g molar heat of formation Δ_fH° | gas | -146.9 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 28.42 kJ/mol | specific heat of vaporization | 0.3939 kJ/g | molar heat of combustion | 3539 kJ/mol | specific heat of combustion | 49.05 kJ/g | molar heat of fusion | 8.4 kJ/mol | specific heat of fusion | 0.12 kJ/g | thermal conductivity | 0.1133 W/(m K) | critical temperature | 469.7 K | critical pressure | 3.37 MPa | (at STP)
Phase diagram
Phase diagram
Units
Basic drug properties
approval status | experimental | small molecule
Hydrophobicity and permeability properties
predicted LogP hydrophobicity | 3.41 predicted LogS | -2.54
Chemical identifiers
CAS number | 109-66-0 Beilstein number | 969132 PubChem CID number | 8003 PubChem SID number | 24849319 SMILES identifier | CCCCC InChI identifier | InChI=1/C5H12/c1-3-5-4-2/h3-5H2, 1-2H3 InChI key | OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYAN RTECS number | RZ9450000 MDL number | MFCD00009498
NFPA label
NFPA label
NFPA health rating | 1 NFPA fire rating | 4 NFPA reactivity rating | 0
Safety properties
flash point | -49.44 °C autoignition point | 285 °C lower explosive limit | 1.5% (concentration in air) upper explosive limit | 7.8% (concentration in air)
DOT hazard class | 3 DOT numbers | 1265
Toxicity properties
odor | gasoline-like odor threshold | 400 ppm threshold limit value | 600 ppmv
RTECS classes | drug