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cobalt

Input interpretation

cobalt (chemical element)
cobalt (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Periodic table location
Periodic table location

Image

Image
Image

Basic elemental properties

atomic symbol | Co atomic number | 27 short electronic configuration | [Ar]4s^23d^7 Aufbau diagram | 3d 4s block | d group | 9 period | 4 atomic mass | 58.933194 u (unified atomic mass units)
atomic symbol | Co atomic number | 27 short electronic configuration | [Ar]4s^23d^7 Aufbau diagram | 3d 4s block | d group | 9 period | 4 atomic mass | 58.933194 u (unified atomic mass units)

Thermodynamic properties

phase at STP | solid melting point | 1495 °C (rank: 30th) boiling point | 2927 °C (rank: 35th) molar heat of fusion | 16.2 kJ/mol (rank: 30th) molar heat of vaporization | 375 kJ/mol (rank: 27th) specific heat at STP | 421 J/(kg K) (rank: 30th) (properties at standard conditions)
phase at STP | solid melting point | 1495 °C (rank: 30th) boiling point | 2927 °C (rank: 35th) molar heat of fusion | 16.2 kJ/mol (rank: 30th) molar heat of vaporization | 375 kJ/mol (rank: 27th) specific heat at STP | 421 J/(kg K) (rank: 30th) (properties at standard conditions)

Material properties

density | 8.9 g/cm^3 (rank: 33rd) liquid density | 7.75 g/cm^3 molar volume | 6.6 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 5 (≈ apatite) Vickers hardness | 1043 MPa (rank: 18th) Brinell hardness | 700 MPa (rank: 23rd) bulk modulus | 180 GPa (rank: 11th) shear modulus | 75 GPa Young's modulus | 209 GPa (rank: 10th) Poisson ratio | 0.31 (rank: 18th) tensile yield strength | 225 MPa (rank: 7th) sound speed | 4720 m/s (rank: 16th) thermal expansion | 1.3×10^-5 K^(-1) (rank: 26th) thermal conductivity | 100 W/(m K) (rank: 17th) (properties at standard conditions)
density | 8.9 g/cm^3 (rank: 33rd) liquid density | 7.75 g/cm^3 molar volume | 6.6 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 5 (≈ apatite) Vickers hardness | 1043 MPa (rank: 18th) Brinell hardness | 700 MPa (rank: 23rd) bulk modulus | 180 GPa (rank: 11th) shear modulus | 75 GPa Young's modulus | 209 GPa (rank: 10th) Poisson ratio | 0.31 (rank: 18th) tensile yield strength | 225 MPa (rank: 7th) sound speed | 4720 m/s (rank: 16th) thermal expansion | 1.3×10^-5 K^(-1) (rank: 26th) thermal conductivity | 100 W/(m K) (rank: 17th) (properties at standard conditions)

Electromagnetic properties

electrical type | conductor resistivity | 6×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 1.7×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | ferromagnetic Curie point | 1394 K (kelvins) work function | 5 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | 1.209×10^15 Hz (hertz) color | (gray)
electrical type | conductor resistivity | 6×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 1.7×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | ferromagnetic Curie point | 1394 K (kelvins) work function | 5 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | 1.209×10^15 Hz (hertz) color | (gray)

Reactivity

valence | 4 electronegativity | 1.88 electron affinity | 63.7 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 760.4 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 760.4 kJ/mol | 1648 kJ/mol | 3232 kJ/mol | 4950 kJ/mol | 7670 kJ/mol | 9840 kJ/mol | 12440 kJ/mol | 15230 kJ/mol | 17959 kJ/mol | 26570 kJ/mol | 29400 kJ/mol | 32400 kJ/mol | 36600 kJ/mol | 39700 kJ/mol | 42800 kJ/mol | 49396 kJ/mol | 52737 kJ/mol | 134810 kJ/mol | 145170 kJ/mol | 154700 kJ/mol | 167400 kJ/mol
valence | 4 electronegativity | 1.88 electron affinity | 63.7 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 760.4 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 760.4 kJ/mol | 1648 kJ/mol | 3232 kJ/mol | 4950 kJ/mol | 7670 kJ/mol | 9840 kJ/mol | 12440 kJ/mol | 15230 kJ/mol | 17959 kJ/mol | 26570 kJ/mol | 29400 kJ/mol | 32400 kJ/mol | 36600 kJ/mol | 39700 kJ/mol | 42800 kJ/mol | 49396 kJ/mol | 52737 kJ/mol | 134810 kJ/mol | 145170 kJ/mol | 154700 kJ/mol | 167400 kJ/mol
Reactivity
Reactivity

Atomic properties

term symbol | ^4F_(9/2) atomic radius | 135 pm covalent radius | 126 pm (electronic ground state properties)
term symbol | ^4F_(9/2) atomic radius | 135 pm covalent radius | 126 pm (electronic ground state properties)
(neutral cobalt atomic spectrum)
(neutral cobalt atomic spectrum)

Abundances

universe abundance | 3×10^-4 mass% (rank: 19th) solar abundance | 4×10^-4 mass% (rank: 22nd) meteorite abundance | 0.059 mass% (rank: 17th) crust abundance | 0.003 mass% (rank: 29th) ocean abundance | 8×10^-9 mass% (rank: 41st) human abundance | 2×10^-6 mass% (rank: 37th) universe molar abundance | 6×10^-6 mol% (rank: 21st) solar molar abundance | 7×10^-6 mol% (rank: 22nd) meteorite molar abundance | 0.02 mol% (rank: 18th) ocean molar abundance | 8×10^-10 mol% (rank: 51st) crust molar abundance | 9.9×10^-4 mol% (rank: 30th) human molar abundance | 2×10^-7 mol% (rank: 38th)
universe abundance | 3×10^-4 mass% (rank: 19th) solar abundance | 4×10^-4 mass% (rank: 22nd) meteorite abundance | 0.059 mass% (rank: 17th) crust abundance | 0.003 mass% (rank: 29th) ocean abundance | 8×10^-9 mass% (rank: 41st) human abundance | 2×10^-6 mass% (rank: 37th) universe molar abundance | 6×10^-6 mol% (rank: 21st) solar molar abundance | 7×10^-6 mol% (rank: 22nd) meteorite molar abundance | 0.02 mol% (rank: 18th) ocean molar abundance | 8×10^-10 mol% (rank: 51st) crust molar abundance | 9.9×10^-4 mol% (rank: 30th) human molar abundance | 2×10^-7 mol% (rank: 38th)

Nuclear properties

half-life | (stable) stable isotopes | Co-59 (100%) nuclear spin | Co-47: 7/2^- | Co-48: 6^+ | Co-49: 7/2^- | Co-50: 6^+ | Co-51: 7/2^- | Co-52: 6^+ | Co-53: 7/2^- | Co-54: 0^+ | Co-55: 7/2^- | Co-56: 4^+ | Co-57: 7/2^- | Co-58: 2^+ | Co-59: 7/2^- | Co-60: 5^+ | Co-61: 7/2^- | Co-62: 2^+ | Co-63: 7/2^- | Co-64: 1^+ | Co-65: 7/2^- | Co-66: 3^+ | Co-67: 7/2^- | Co-68: 7^- | Co-69: 7/2^- | Co-70: 6^- | Co-71: 7/2^- | Co-73: 7/2^- | Co-74: 0^+ | Co-75: 7/2^- unstable isotopes | Co-60 (5.2749 yr) | Co-57 (271.74 days) | Co-56 (77.23 days) | Co-58 (70.86 days) | Co-55 (17.531 h) | Co-61 (99 min) | Co-62 (90 s) | Co-63 (27.4 s) | Co-65 (1.2 s) | Co-67 (425 ms) | Co-64 (300 ms) | Co-53 (240 ms) | Co-69 (220 ms) | Co-68 (200 ms) | Co-54 (193.28 ms) | Co-66 (180 ms) | Co-70 (119 ms) | Co-52 (115 ms) | Co-71 (79 ms) | Co-72 (62 ms) | Co-50 (44 ms) | Co-73 (41 ms) | Co-51 (200 ns) | Co-75 (150 ns) | Co-74 (150 ns) | Co-49 (35 ns) neutron cross-section | 37.2 b neutron mass absorption | 0.021 m^2/kg
half-life | (stable) stable isotopes | Co-59 (100%) nuclear spin | Co-47: 7/2^- | Co-48: 6^+ | Co-49: 7/2^- | Co-50: 6^+ | Co-51: 7/2^- | Co-52: 6^+ | Co-53: 7/2^- | Co-54: 0^+ | Co-55: 7/2^- | Co-56: 4^+ | Co-57: 7/2^- | Co-58: 2^+ | Co-59: 7/2^- | Co-60: 5^+ | Co-61: 7/2^- | Co-62: 2^+ | Co-63: 7/2^- | Co-64: 1^+ | Co-65: 7/2^- | Co-66: 3^+ | Co-67: 7/2^- | Co-68: 7^- | Co-69: 7/2^- | Co-70: 6^- | Co-71: 7/2^- | Co-73: 7/2^- | Co-74: 0^+ | Co-75: 7/2^- unstable isotopes | Co-60 (5.2749 yr) | Co-57 (271.74 days) | Co-56 (77.23 days) | Co-58 (70.86 days) | Co-55 (17.531 h) | Co-61 (99 min) | Co-62 (90 s) | Co-63 (27.4 s) | Co-65 (1.2 s) | Co-67 (425 ms) | Co-64 (300 ms) | Co-53 (240 ms) | Co-69 (220 ms) | Co-68 (200 ms) | Co-54 (193.28 ms) | Co-66 (180 ms) | Co-70 (119 ms) | Co-52 (115 ms) | Co-71 (79 ms) | Co-72 (62 ms) | Co-50 (44 ms) | Co-73 (41 ms) | Co-51 (200 ns) | Co-75 (150 ns) | Co-74 (150 ns) | Co-49 (35 ns) neutron cross-section | 37.2 b neutron mass absorption | 0.021 m^2/kg

Identifiers

CAS number | 7440-48-4 PubChem CID number | 104730
CAS number | 7440-48-4 PubChem CID number | 104730

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