Input interpretation
thiophosphoryl chloride
Chemical names and formulas
formula | PSCl_3 Hill formula | Cl_3PS name | thiophosphoryl chloride IUPAC name | trichloro-thioxophosphorane alternate names | phosphorothioic trichloride | phosphorothionic trichloride | phosphorus sulfochloride | phosphorus thiochloride | trichlorophosphine sulfide | trichloro-sulfanylidene-phosphorane | trichloro-sulfanylidenephosphorane | trichloro-thioxo-phosphorane mass fractions | Cl (chlorine) 62.8% | P (phosphorus) 18.3% | S (sulfur) 18.9%
Lewis structure
Draw the Lewis structure of thiophosphoryl chloride. Start by drawing the overall structure of the molecule, ignoring potential double and triple bonds: Count the total valence electrons of the chlorine (n_Cl, val = 7), phosphorus (n_P, val = 5), and sulfur (n_S, val = 6) atoms: 3 n_Cl, val + n_P, val + n_S, val = 32 Calculate the number of electrons needed to completely fill the valence shells for chlorine (n_Cl, full = 8), phosphorus (n_P, full = 8), and sulfur (n_S, full = 8): 3 n_Cl, full + n_P, full + n_S, full = 40 Subtracting these two numbers shows that 40 - 32 = 8 bonding electrons are needed. Each bond has two electrons, so we expect that the above diagram has all the necessary bonds. However, to minimize formal charge sulfur wants 2 bonds. Identify the atom that wants additional bonds and the number of electrons remaining on each atom: In order to minimize their formal charge, atoms with large electronegativities can force atoms with smaller electronegativities on period 3 or higher to expand their valence shells. The electronegativities of the atoms are 2.19 (phosphorus), 2.58 (sulfur), and 3.16 (chlorine). Because the electronegativity of phosphorus is smaller than the electronegativity of sulfur, expand the valence shell of phosphorus to 5 bonds. Therefore we add a total of 1 bond to the diagram: Answer: | |
3D structure
3D structure
Basic properties
molar mass | 169.4 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) melting point | -35 °C boiling point | 125 °C density | 1.668 g/cm^3 solubility in water | decomposes
Units
Liquid properties (at STP)
density | 1.668 g/cm^3 vapor pressure | 22 mmHg (at 25 °C) refractive index | 1.555
Units
Thermodynamic properties
molar heat of vaporization | 34.8 kJ/mol specific heat of vaporization | 0.205 kJ/g (at STP)
Chemical identifiers
CAS number | 3982-91-0 PubChem CID number | 19883 PubChem SID number | 24853426 SMILES identifier | P(=S)(Cl)(Cl)Cl InChI identifier | InChI=1/Cl3PS/c1-4(2, 3)5 RTECS number | XN2930000 MDL number | MFCD00011504
NFPA label
NFPA label
NFPA health rating | 3 NFPA fire rating | 0 NFPA reactivity rating | 0
Safety properties
flash point | -18 °C
DOT hazard class | 8 DOT numbers | 1837
Toxicity properties
RTECS classes | other