carbon vs phosphorus vs californium

carbon (chemical element) | phosphorus (chemical element) | californium (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| carbon | phosphorus | californium atomic symbol | C | P | Cf atomic number | 6 | 15 | 98 short electronic configuration | [He]2s^22p^2 | [Ne]3s^23p^3 | [Rn]7s^25f^10 Aufbau diagram | 2p 2s | 3p 3s | 5f 7s block | p | p | f group | 14 | 15 | period | 2 | 3 | 7 atomic mass | 12.011 u | 30.973761998 u | 251 u half-life | (stable) | (stable) | 901 yr

| carbon | phosphorus | californium phase at STP | solid | solid | solid melting point | 3550 °C | 44.2 °C | 900 °C boiling point | 4027 °C | 280.5 °C | molar heat of fusion | 105 kJ/mol | 0.64 kJ/mol | molar heat of vaporization | 715 kJ/mol | 12.4 kJ/mol | specific heat at STP | 710 J/(kg K) | 769.7 J/(kg K) | (properties at standard conditions)

| carbon | phosphorus | californium density | 2.26 g/cm^3 | 1.823 g/cm^3 | 15.1 g/cm^3 molar volume | 5.315 cm^3/mol | 16.99 cm^3/mol | 16.6 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 0.5 (between talc and gypsum) | | bulk modulus | 33 GPa | 11 GPa | refractive index | 2.417 | 1.001212 | sound speed | 18350 m/s | | thermal expansion | 7.1×10^-6 K^(-1) | | thermal conductivity | 140 W/(m K) | 0.236 W/(m K) | (properties at standard conditions)

| carbon | phosphorus electrical type | conductor | conductor resistivity | 1×10^-5 Ω m (ohm meters) | 1×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 100000 S/m (siemens per meter) | 1×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | diamagnetic | diamagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | -1.4×10^-5 | -2.06×10^-5 mass magnetic susceptibility | -6.2×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | -1.13×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | -7.45×10^-11 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | -3.5×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | 5 eV (Polycrystalline) | threshold frequency | 1.209×10^15 Hz (hertz) | color | (black) | (colorless) refractive index | 2.417 | 1.001212

| carbon | phosphorus | californium valence | 4 | 5 | 4 electronegativity | 2.55 | 2.19 | 1.3 electron affinity | 153.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 72 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | first ionization energy | 1086.5 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 1011.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 608 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 1086.5 kJ/mol | 2352.6 kJ/mol | 4620.5 kJ/mol | 6222.7 kJ/mol | 37831 kJ/mol | 47277 kJ/mol | 1011.8 kJ/mol | 1907 kJ/mol | 2914.1 kJ/mol | 4963.6 kJ/mol | 6273.9 kJ/mol | 21267 kJ/mol | 25431 kJ/mol | 29872 kJ/mol | 35905 kJ/mol | 40950 kJ/mol | 608 kJ/mol

Reactivity

| carbon | phosphorus | californium term symbol | ^3P_0 | ^4S_(3/2) | ^5I_8 atomic radius | 70 pm | 100 pm | covalent radius | 76 pm | 107 pm | van der Waals radius | 170 pm | 180 pm | (electronic ground state properties)

| carbon | phosphorus | californium universe abundance | 0.5 mass% | 7×10^-4 mass% | solar abundance | 0.3 mass% | 7×10^-4 mass% | 0 mass% meteorite abundance | 1.5 mass% | 0.11 mass% | 0 mass% crust abundance | 0.18 mass% | 0.099 mass% | 0 mass% ocean abundance | 0.0028 mass% | 7×10^-6 mass% | 0 mass% human abundance | 23 mass% | 1.1 mass% | 0 mass% universe molar abundance | 0.05 mol% | 3×10^-5 mol% | solar molar abundance | 0.03 mol% | 3×10^-5 mol% | 0 mol% meteorite molar abundance | 1.8 mol% | 0.07 mol% | 0 mol% ocean molar abundance | 0.0014 mol% | 1.4×10^-6 mol% | 0 mol% crust molar abundance | 0.31 mol% | 0.07 mol% | 0 mol% human molar abundance | 12 mol% | 0.22 mol% | 0 mol%

| carbon | phosphorus | californium half-life | (stable) | (stable) | 901 yr specific radioactivity | | | 58.52 GBq/g decay mode | | | alpha emission stable isotopes | C-12 (98.89%) | C-13 (1.11%) | P-31 (100%) | nuclear spin | C-8: 0^+ | C-9: 3/2^- | C-10: 0^+ | C-11: 3/2^- | C-12: 0^+ | C-13: 1/2^- | C-14: 0^+ | C-15: 1/2^+ | C-16: 0^+ | C-17: 3/2^+ | C-18: 0^+ | C-19: 1/2^+ | C-20: 0^+ | C-21: 1/2^+ | C-22: 0^+ | P-24: 1^+ | P-25: 1/2^+ | P-26: 3^+ | P-27: 1/2^+ | P-28: 3^+ | P-29: 1/2^+ | P-30: 1^+ | P-31: 1/2^+ | P-32: 1^+ | P-33: 1/2^+ | P-34: 1^+ | P-35: 1/2^+ | P-36: 4^- | P-37: 1/2^+ | P-39: 1/2^+ | P-41: 1/2^+ | P-43: 1/2^+ | P-45: 1/2^+ | Cf-237: 5/2^+ | Cf-238: 0^+ | Cf-239: 5/2^+ | Cf-240: 0^+ | Cf-241: 7/2^- | Cf-242: 0^+ | Cf-243: 1/2^+ | Cf-244: 0^+ | Cf-246: 0^+ | Cf-247: 7/2^+ | Cf-248: 0^+ | Cf-249: 9/2^- | Cf-250: 0^+ | Cf-251: 1/2^+ | Cf-252: 0^+ | Cf-253: 7/2^+ | Cf-254: 0^+ | Cf-255: 7/2^+ | Cf-256: 0^+ unstable isotopes | C-14 (5700 yr) | C-11 (20.334 min) | C-10 (19.29 s) | C-15 (2.449 s) | C-16 (747 ms) | C-17 (193 ms) | C-9 (126.5 ms) | C-18 (92 ms) | C-19 (49 ms) | C-20 (14 ms) | C-22 (6.2 ms) | C-21 (30 ns) | C-8 (2 zs) | P-33 (25.34 days) | P-32 (14.262 days) | P-30 (149.9 s) | P-35 (47.3 s) | P-34 (12.43 s) | P-36 (5.6 s) | P-29 (4.142 s) | P-37 (2.31 s) | P-38 (640 ms) | P-39 (280 ms) | P-28 (270.3 ms) | P-27 (260 ms) | P-40 (125 ms) | P-41 (100 ms) | P-42 (48.5 ms) | P-26 (43.7 ms) | P-43 (36.5 ms) | P-44 (18.5 ms) | P-46 (200 ns) | P-45 (200 ns) | P-25 (30 ns) | Cf-251 (898 yr) | Cf-249 (351 yr) | Cf-250 (13.08 yr) | Cf-252 (2.645 yr) | Cf-248 (333.5 days) | Cf-254 (60.5 days) | Cf-253 (17.81 days) | Cf-246 (35.7 h) | Cf-247 (187 min) | Cf-255 (85 min) | Cf-245 (45 min) | Cf-244 (19.4 min) | Cf-256 (12.3 min) | Cf-243 (10.7 min) | Cf-241 (227 s) | Cf-242 (220 s) | Cf-240 (57.6 s) | Cf-239 (39 s) | Cf-237 (2.1 s) | Cf-238 (21.1 ms) neutron cross-section | 0.0035 b | 0.18 b | 2900 b neutron mass absorption | 1.5×10^-5 m^2/kg | 2×10^-4 m^2/kg |

| carbon | phosphorus | californium CAS number | 7440-44-0 | 7723-14-0 | 7440-71-3 PubChem CID number | | | 23997