Input interpretation
silver nitrate + magnesium chloride ⟶ silver chloride + magnesium nitrate
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Ag, N, O, Cl and Mg: Ag: | c_1 = c_3 N: | c_1 = 2 c_4 O: | 3 c_1 = 6 c_4 Cl: | 2 c_2 = c_3 Mg: | c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 2 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 + ⟶ 2 +
Structures
+ ⟶ +
Names
silver nitrate + magnesium chloride ⟶ silver chloride + magnesium nitrate
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| silver nitrate | magnesium chloride | silver chloride | magnesium nitrate molecular enthalpy | -124.4 kJ/mol | -641.3 kJ/mol | -127 kJ/mol | -790.7 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -248.8 kJ/mol | -641.3 kJ/mol | -254 kJ/mol | -790.7 kJ/mol | H_initial = -890.1 kJ/mol | | H_final = -1045 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | -1045 kJ/mol - -890.1 kJ/mol = -154.6 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | |
Gibbs free energy
| silver nitrate | magnesium chloride | silver chloride | magnesium nitrate molecular free energy | -33.4 kJ/mol | -591.8 kJ/mol | -109.8 kJ/mol | -589.4 kJ/mol total free energy | -66.8 kJ/mol | -591.8 kJ/mol | -219.6 kJ/mol | -589.4 kJ/mol | G_initial = -658.6 kJ/mol | | G_final = -809 kJ/mol | ΔG_rxn^0 | -809 kJ/mol - -658.6 kJ/mol = -150.4 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| silver nitrate | magnesium chloride | silver chloride | magnesium nitrate Hill formula | AgNO_3 | Cl_2Mg | AgCl | MgN_2O_6 name | silver nitrate | magnesium chloride | silver chloride | magnesium nitrate IUPAC name | silver nitrate | magnesium dichloride | chlorosilver | magnesium dinitrate
Substance properties
| silver nitrate | magnesium chloride | silver chloride | magnesium nitrate molar mass | 169.87 g/mol | 95.2 g/mol | 143.32 g/mol | 148.31 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | 212 °C | 714 °C | 455 °C | 88.9 °C boiling point | | | 1554 °C | 330 °C density | | 2.32 g/cm^3 | 5.56 g/cm^3 | 1.2051 g/cm^3 solubility in water | soluble | soluble | | odor | odorless | | |
Units
