Input interpretation
sodium hydroxide + iodine + ethanol ⟶ water + sodium iodide + iodoform + sodium formate
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + + ⟶ + + + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 + c_3 ⟶ c_4 + c_5 + c_6 + c_7 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, Na, O, I and C: H: | c_1 + 6 c_3 = 2 c_4 + c_6 + c_7 Na: | c_1 = c_5 + c_7 O: | c_1 + c_3 = c_4 + 2 c_7 I: | 2 c_2 = c_5 + 3 c_6 C: | 2 c_3 = c_6 + c_7 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_3 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_2 = 4 c_3 = 1 c_4 = c_1/2 + 2 c_5 = (3 c_1)/4 + 1/2 c_6 = 5/2 - c_1/4 c_7 = c_1/4 - 1/2 The resulting system of equations is still underdetermined, so an additional coefficient must be set arbitrarily. Set c_1 = 6 and solve for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 6 c_2 = 4 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 5 c_5 = 5 c_6 = 1 c_7 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 6 + 4 + ⟶ 5 + 5 + +
Structures
+ + ⟶ + + +
Names
sodium hydroxide + iodine + ethanol ⟶ water + sodium iodide + iodoform + sodium formate
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| sodium hydroxide | iodine | ethanol | water | sodium iodide | iodoform | sodium formate molecular enthalpy | -425.8 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -277.7 kJ/mol | -285.8 kJ/mol | -287.8 kJ/mol | -181.1 kJ/mol | -666.5 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -2555 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -277.7 kJ/mol | -1429 kJ/mol | -1439 kJ/mol | -181.1 kJ/mol | -666.5 kJ/mol | H_initial = -2832 kJ/mol | | | H_final = -3716 kJ/mol | | | ΔH_rxn^0 | -3716 kJ/mol - -2832 kJ/mol = -883.3 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | | | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| sodium hydroxide | iodine | ethanol | water | sodium iodide | iodoform | sodium formate Hill formula | HNaO | I_2 | C_2H_6O | H_2O | INa | CHI_3 | CHNaO_2 name | sodium hydroxide | iodine | ethanol | water | sodium iodide | iodoform | sodium formate IUPAC name | sodium hydroxide | molecular iodine | ethanol | water | sodium iodide | iodoform | sodium oxomethanolate