O2 + KH = H2O + K2O

O_2 oxygen + KH potassium hydride ⟶ H_2O water + K_2O potassium oxide

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: O_2 + KH ⟶ H_2O + K_2O Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 O_2 + c_2 KH ⟶ c_3 H_2O + c_4 K_2O Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for O, H and K: O: | 2 c_1 = c_3 + c_4 H: | c_2 = 2 c_3 K: | c_2 = 2 c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 2 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | O_2 + 2 KH ⟶ H_2O + K_2O

+ ⟶ +

oxygen + potassium hydride ⟶ water + potassium oxide

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: O_2 + KH ⟶ H_2O + K_2O Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: O_2 + 2 KH ⟶ H_2O + K_2O Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i O_2 | 1 | -1 KH | 2 | -2 H_2O | 1 | 1 K_2O | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression O_2 | 1 | -1 | ([O2])^(-1) KH | 2 | -2 | ([KH])^(-2) H_2O | 1 | 1 | [H2O] K_2O | 1 | 1 | [K2O] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([O2])^(-1) ([KH])^(-2) [H2O] [K2O] = ([H2O] [K2O])/([O2] ([KH])^2)

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: O_2 + KH ⟶ H_2O + K_2O Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: O_2 + 2 KH ⟶ H_2O + K_2O Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i O_2 | 1 | -1 KH | 2 | -2 H_2O | 1 | 1 K_2O | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term O_2 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[O2])/(Δt) KH | 2 | -2 | -1/2 (Δ[KH])/(Δt) H_2O | 1 | 1 | (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) K_2O | 1 | 1 | (Δ[K2O])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -(Δ[O2])/(Δt) = -1/2 (Δ[KH])/(Δt) = (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = (Δ[K2O])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

| oxygen | potassium hydride | water | potassium oxide formula | O_2 | KH | H_2O | K_2O Hill formula | O_2 | HK | H_2O | K_2O name | oxygen | potassium hydride | water | potassium oxide IUPAC name | molecular oxygen | potassium hydride | water | dipotassium oxygen(2-)

| oxygen | potassium hydride | water | potassium oxide molar mass | 31.998 g/mol | 40.106 g/mol | 18.015 g/mol | 94.196 g/mol phase | gas (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | melting point | -218 °C | | 0 °C | boiling point | -183 °C | 316 °C | 99.9839 °C | density | 0.001429 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 1.47 g/cm^3 | 1 g/cm^3 | surface tension | 0.01347 N/m | | 0.0728 N/m | dynamic viscosity | 2.055×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | odor | odorless | | odorless |