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thorium

Input interpretation

thorium (chemical element)
thorium (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Periodic table location
Periodic table location

Image

Image
Image

Basic elemental properties

atomic symbol | Th atomic number | 90 short electronic configuration | [Rn]7s^26d^2 Aufbau diagram | 6d 7s block | f period | 7 atomic mass | 232.0377 u (unified atomic mass units) half-life | 14.06 Gyr (gigayears)
atomic symbol | Th atomic number | 90 short electronic configuration | [Rn]7s^26d^2 Aufbau diagram | 6d 7s block | f period | 7 atomic mass | 232.0377 u (unified atomic mass units) half-life | 14.06 Gyr (gigayears)

Thermodynamic properties

phase at STP | solid melting point | 1750 °C (rank: 18th) boiling point | 4820 °C (rank: 5th) molar heat of fusion | 16 kJ/mol (rank: 31st) molar heat of vaporization | 530 kJ/mol (rank: 13th) specific heat at STP | 118 J/(kg K) (rank: 83rd) (properties at standard conditions)
phase at STP | solid melting point | 1750 °C (rank: 18th) boiling point | 4820 °C (rank: 5th) molar heat of fusion | 16 kJ/mol (rank: 31st) molar heat of vaporization | 530 kJ/mol (rank: 13th) specific heat at STP | 118 J/(kg K) (rank: 83rd) (properties at standard conditions)

Material properties

density | 11.724 g/cm^3 (rank: 22nd) molar volume | 19.792 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 3 (≈ calcite) Vickers hardness | 350 MPa (rank: 37th) Brinell hardness | 400 MPa (rank: 37th) bulk modulus | 54 GPa (rank: 31st) shear modulus | 31 GPa Young's modulus | 79 GPa (rank: 24th) Poisson ratio | 0.27 (rank: 34th) tensile yield strength | 144 MPa (rank: 13th) ultimate tensile strength | 219 MPa (rank: 13th) sound speed | 2490 m/s (rank: 45th) thermal expansion | 1.1×10^-5 K^(-1) (rank: 34th) thermal conductivity | 54 W/(m K) (rank: 32nd) (properties at standard conditions)
density | 11.724 g/cm^3 (rank: 22nd) molar volume | 19.792 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 3 (≈ calcite) Vickers hardness | 350 MPa (rank: 37th) Brinell hardness | 400 MPa (rank: 37th) bulk modulus | 54 GPa (rank: 31st) shear modulus | 31 GPa Young's modulus | 79 GPa (rank: 24th) Poisson ratio | 0.27 (rank: 34th) tensile yield strength | 144 MPa (rank: 13th) ultimate tensile strength | 219 MPa (rank: 13th) sound speed | 2490 m/s (rank: 45th) thermal expansion | 1.1×10^-5 K^(-1) (rank: 34th) thermal conductivity | 54 W/(m K) (rank: 32nd) (properties at standard conditions)

Electromagnetic properties

electrical type | conductor resistivity | 1.5×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 6.7×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | paramagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | 8.4×10^-5 mass magnetic susceptibility | 7.2×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | 1.7×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | 3.4 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | 8.221×10^14 Hz (hertz) superconducting point | 1.38 K (kelvins) color | (silver)
electrical type | conductor resistivity | 1.5×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 6.7×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | paramagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | 8.4×10^-5 mass magnetic susceptibility | 7.2×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | 1.7×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | 3.4 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | 8.221×10^14 Hz (hertz) superconducting point | 1.38 K (kelvins) color | (silver)

Reactivity

valence | 4 electronegativity | 1.3 first ionization energy | 587 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 587 kJ/mol | 1110 kJ/mol | 1930 kJ/mol | 2780 kJ/mol
valence | 4 electronegativity | 1.3 first ionization energy | 587 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 587 kJ/mol | 1110 kJ/mol | 1930 kJ/mol | 2780 kJ/mol
Reactivity
Reactivity

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