polonium vs barium vs tungsten vs gold

polonium (chemical element) | barium (chemical element) | tungsten (chemical element) | gold (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration polonium | Po | 84 | [Xe]6s^24f^145d^106p^4 barium | Ba | 56 | [Xe]6s^2 tungsten | W | 74 | [Xe]6s^24f^145d^4 gold | Au | 79 | [Xe]6s^14f^145d^10 | Aufbau diagram | block | group polonium | 6p 5d 4f 6s | p | 16 barium | 6s | s | 2 tungsten | 5d 4f 6s | d | 6 gold | 5d 4f 6s | d | 11 | period | atomic mass | half-life polonium | 6 | 209 u | 102 yr barium | 6 | 137.327 u | (stable) tungsten | 6 | 183.84 u | (stable) gold | 6 | 196.966569 u | (stable)

phase at STP | all | solid melting point | median | 896 °C | highest | 3422 °C (tungsten) | lowest | 254 °C (polonium) | distribution | boiling point | median | 2363 °C | highest | 5555 °C (tungsten) | lowest | 962 °C (polonium) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 13 kJ/mol | highest | 35 kJ/mol (tungsten) | lowest | 8 kJ/mol (barium) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 235 kJ/mol | highest | 800 kJ/mol (tungsten) | lowest | 100 kJ/mol (polonium) | distribution | specific heat at STP | median | 132 J/(kg K) | highest | 205 J/(kg K) (barium) | lowest | 129.1 J/(kg K) (gold) (properties at standard conditions)

density | median | 14.22 g/cm^3 | highest | 19.3 g/cm^3 (gold) | lowest | 3.51 g/cm^3 (barium) | distribution | liquid density | median | 17.31 g/cm^3 | highest | 17.6 g/cm^3 (tungsten) | lowest | 3.338 g/cm^3 (barium) molar volume | median | 16.5 cm^3/mol | highest | 39.12 cm^3/mol (barium) | lowest | 9.55 cm^3/mol (tungsten) | distribution | Mohs hardness | median | 2.5 | highest | 7.5 (between quartz and topaz) (tungsten) | lowest | 1.25 (between talc and gypsum) (barium) | distribution | Vickers hardness | all | 216 MPa | 3430 MPa Brinell hardness | all | 2450 MPa | 2570 MPa bulk modulus | median | 220 GPa | highest | 310 GPa (tungsten) | lowest | 9.6 GPa (barium) | distribution | shear modulus | median | 27 GPa | highest | 161 GPa (tungsten) | lowest | 4.9 GPa (barium) Young's modulus | median | 78 GPa | highest | 411 GPa (tungsten) | lowest | 13 GPa (barium) Poisson ratio | all | 0.28 | 0.44 ultimate tensile strength | all | 120 MPa | 0.98 GPa sound speed | median | 1740 m/s | highest | 5174 m/s (tungsten) | lowest | 1620 m/s (barium) thermal expansion | median | 1.42×10^-5 K^(-1) | highest | 2.06×10^-5 K^(-1) (barium) | lowest | 4.5×10^-6 K^(-1) (tungsten) | distribution | thermal conductivity | median | 170 W/(m K) | highest | 320 W/(m K) (gold) | lowest | 18 W/(m K) (barium) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

resistivity | median | 2×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 4.3×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) (polonium) | lowest | 2.2×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) (gold) | distribution | electrical conductivity | median | 1.1×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 4.5×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) (gold) | lowest | 2.3×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) (polonium) | distribution | volume magnetic susceptibility | median | 3.966×10^-5 | highest | 8.84×10^-5 (tungsten) | lowest | -3.44×10^-5 (gold) | distribution | mass magnetic susceptibility | median | 4.59×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | highest | 1.13×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (barium) | lowest | -1.78×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (gold) | distribution | molar magnetic susceptibility | median | 8.44×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | highest | 1.552×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (barium) | lowest | -3.51×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (gold) | distribution | work function | all | 2.52 eV | (4.32 to 5.22) eV | (5.31 to 5.47) eV

valence | median | 5.5 | highest | 6 (polonium and tungsten) | lowest | 2 (barium) | distribution | electronegativity | median | 2.2 | highest | 2.54 (gold) | lowest | 0.89 (barium) | distribution | electron affinity | median | 131 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 222.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (gold) | lowest | 13.95 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (barium) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 791 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 890.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (gold) | lowest | 502.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (barium) | distribution |

term symbol | all | ^1S_0 | ^2S_(1/2) | ^3P_2 | ^5D_0 atomic radius | median | 163 pm | highest | 215 pm (barium) | lowest | 135 pm (tungsten and gold) | distribution | covalent radius | median | 151 pm | highest | 215 pm (barium) | lowest | 136 pm (gold) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)

universe abundance | median | 6×10^-8 mass% | highest | 1×10^-6 mass% (barium) | lowest | 5×10^-8 mass% (tungsten) solar abundance | median | 4×10^-7 mass% | highest | 1×10^-6 mass% (barium) | lowest | 1×10^-7 mass% (gold) | distribution | meteorite abundance | median | 1.7×10^-5 mass% | highest | 2.7×10^-4 mass% (barium) | lowest | 1.2×10^-5 mass% (tungsten) crust abundance | median | 1.1×10^-4 mass% | highest | 0.034 mass% (barium) | lowest | 3.1×10^-7 mass% (gold) ocean abundance | median | 8.5×10^-9 mass% | highest | 3×10^-6 mass% (barium) | lowest | 2×10^-18 mass% (polonium) human abundance | median | 1×10^-5 mass% | highest | 3×10^-5 mass% (barium) | lowest | 0 mass% (polonium) | distribution | universe molar abundance | median | 4×10^-10 mol% | highest | 9×10^-9 mol% (barium) | lowest | 3×10^-10 mol% (tungsten) solar molar abundance | median | 3×10^-9 mol% | highest | 9.9×10^-9 mol% (barium) | lowest | 9.9×10^-10 mol% (gold) | distribution | meteorite molar abundance | median | 2×10^-6 mol% | highest | 4.1×10^-5 mol% (barium) | lowest | 1×10^-6 mol% (tungsten) ocean molar abundance | median | 7×10^-8 mol% | highest | 6×10^-6 mol% (polonium) | lowest | 1.6×10^-10 mol% (gold) crust molar abundance | median | 1.2×10^-5 mol% | highest | 0.0051 mol% (barium) | lowest | 3×10^-8 mol% (gold) human molar abundance | median | 3×10^-7 mol% | highest | 1.4×10^-6 mol% (barium) | lowest | 0 mol% (polonium)