Input interpretation
![nitric acid + magnesium hydroxide ⟶ water + magnesium nitrate](../image_source/e7d26d0f873f0e5db2f10fd3e50d4f6f.png)
nitric acid + magnesium hydroxide ⟶ water + magnesium nitrate
Balanced equation
![Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, N, O and Mg: H: | c_1 + 2 c_2 = 2 c_3 N: | c_1 = 2 c_4 O: | 3 c_1 + 2 c_2 = c_3 + 6 c_4 Mg: | c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 2 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 + ⟶ 2 +](../image_source/0275697fafe1749fff5e4ffc291f575b.png)
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, N, O and Mg: H: | c_1 + 2 c_2 = 2 c_3 N: | c_1 = 2 c_4 O: | 3 c_1 + 2 c_2 = c_3 + 6 c_4 Mg: | c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 2 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 + ⟶ 2 +
Structures
![+ ⟶ +](../image_source/0957f969ebcd3f950d66f08de67d7ba8.png)
+ ⟶ +
Names
![nitric acid + magnesium hydroxide ⟶ water + magnesium nitrate](../image_source/f639522dc582e19a71cb03214e4e7a44.png)
nitric acid + magnesium hydroxide ⟶ water + magnesium nitrate
Reaction thermodynamics
Gibbs free energy
![| nitric acid | magnesium hydroxide | water | magnesium nitrate molecular free energy | -80.7 kJ/mol | -833.5 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | -589.4 kJ/mol total free energy | -161.4 kJ/mol | -833.5 kJ/mol | -474.2 kJ/mol | -589.4 kJ/mol | G_initial = -994.9 kJ/mol | | G_final = -1064 kJ/mol | ΔG_rxn^0 | -1064 kJ/mol - -994.9 kJ/mol = -68.7 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | |](../image_source/7e6bd785c28c61288ed5845756e16d42.png)
| nitric acid | magnesium hydroxide | water | magnesium nitrate molecular free energy | -80.7 kJ/mol | -833.5 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | -589.4 kJ/mol total free energy | -161.4 kJ/mol | -833.5 kJ/mol | -474.2 kJ/mol | -589.4 kJ/mol | G_initial = -994.9 kJ/mol | | G_final = -1064 kJ/mol | ΔG_rxn^0 | -1064 kJ/mol - -994.9 kJ/mol = -68.7 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | |
Chemical names and formulas
![| nitric acid | magnesium hydroxide | water | magnesium nitrate Hill formula | HNO_3 | H_2MgO_2 | H_2O | MgN_2O_6 name | nitric acid | magnesium hydroxide | water | magnesium nitrate IUPAC name | nitric acid | magnesium dihydroxide | water | magnesium dinitrate](../image_source/fd797a644494ce85eaa92efe4aa35922.png)
| nitric acid | magnesium hydroxide | water | magnesium nitrate Hill formula | HNO_3 | H_2MgO_2 | H_2O | MgN_2O_6 name | nitric acid | magnesium hydroxide | water | magnesium nitrate IUPAC name | nitric acid | magnesium dihydroxide | water | magnesium dinitrate
Substance properties
![| nitric acid | magnesium hydroxide | water | magnesium nitrate molar mass | 63.012 g/mol | 58.319 g/mol | 18.015 g/mol | 148.31 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | -41.6 °C | 350 °C | 0 °C | 88.9 °C boiling point | 83 °C | | 99.9839 °C | 330 °C density | 1.5129 g/cm^3 | 2.3446 g/cm^3 | 1 g/cm^3 | 1.2051 g/cm^3 solubility in water | miscible | insoluble | | surface tension | | | 0.0728 N/m | dynamic viscosity | 7.6×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | odor | | | odorless |](../image_source/2d6da40bc4ba75bf957c05a6465c7a0b.png)
| nitric acid | magnesium hydroxide | water | magnesium nitrate molar mass | 63.012 g/mol | 58.319 g/mol | 18.015 g/mol | 148.31 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | -41.6 °C | 350 °C | 0 °C | 88.9 °C boiling point | 83 °C | | 99.9839 °C | 330 °C density | 1.5129 g/cm^3 | 2.3446 g/cm^3 | 1 g/cm^3 | 1.2051 g/cm^3 solubility in water | miscible | insoluble | | surface tension | | | 0.0728 N/m | dynamic viscosity | 7.6×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | odor | | | odorless |
Units