Input interpretation
amyl chloride
Chemical names and formulas
formula | CH_3(CH_2)_4Cl Hill formula | C_5H_11Cl name | amyl chloride IUPAC name | 1-chloropentane alternate names | 1-chloropentane | N-amyl chloride | N-pentyl chloride | pentane, 1-chloro- | pentyl chloride mass fractions | C (carbon) 56.3% | Cl (chlorine) 33.3% | H (hydrogen) 10.4%
Lewis structure
Draw the Lewis structure of amyl chloride. Start by drawing the overall structure of the molecule: Count the total valence electrons of the carbon (n_C, val = 4), chlorine (n_Cl, val = 7), and hydrogen (n_H, val = 1) atoms: 5 n_C, val + n_Cl, val + 11 n_H, val = 38 Calculate the number of electrons needed to completely fill the valence shells for carbon (n_C, full = 8), chlorine (n_Cl, full = 8), and hydrogen (n_H, full = 2): 5 n_C, full + n_Cl, full + 11 n_H, full = 70 Subtracting these two numbers shows that 70 - 38 = 32 bonding electrons are needed. Each bond has two electrons, so the above diagram has all the necessary bonds. There are 16 bonds and hence 32 bonding electrons in the diagram. Lastly, fill in the remaining unbonded electrons on each atom. In total, there remain 38 - 32 = 6 electrons left to draw: Answer: | |
3D structure
3D structure
Basic properties
molar mass | 106.6 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) melting point | -99 °C boiling point | 107.5 °C density | 0.882 g/cm^3 solubility in water | insoluble
Units
Liquid properties (at STP)
density | 0.882 g/cm^3 vapor pressure | 32 mmHg (at 25 °C) dynamic viscosity | 5.8×10^-6 Pa s (at 20 °C) surface tension | 0.02515 N/m refractive index | 1.412
Units
Thermodynamic properties
specific heat of formation Δ_fH° | gas | -1.641 kJ/g molar heat of formation Δ_fH° | gas | -174.9 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 38.1 kJ/mol | specific heat of vaporization | 0.357 kJ/g | molar heat of combustion | 3354 kJ/mol | specific heat of combustion | 31.47 kJ/g | critical temperature | 571 K | (at STP)
Chemical identifiers
CAS number | 543-59-9 Beilstein number | 1696936 PubChem CID number | 10977 PubChem SID number | 24854299 SMILES identifier | CCCCCCl InChI identifier | InChI=1/C5H11Cl/c1-2-3-4-5-6/h2-5H2, 1H3 MDL number | MFCD00001015
NFPA label
NFPA label
NFPA health rating | 1 NFPA fire rating | 3 NFPA reactivity rating | 0
Safety properties
flash point | 11.11 °C autoignition point | 220 °C lower explosive limit | 1.4% (concentration in air) upper explosive limit | 8.6% (concentration in air)
DOT hazard class | 3 DOT numbers | 1107