Input interpretation
hydrogen chloride ⟶ chlorine + hydrogen
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 ⟶ c_2 + c_3 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Cl and H: Cl: | c_1 = 2 c_2 H: | c_1 = 2 c_3 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 ⟶ +
Structures
⟶ +
Names
hydrogen chloride ⟶ chlorine + hydrogen
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| hydrogen chloride | chlorine | hydrogen molecular enthalpy | -92.3 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -184.6 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | H_initial = -184.6 kJ/mol | H_final = 0 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | 0 kJ/mol - -184.6 kJ/mol = 184.6 kJ/mol (endothermic) | |
Gibbs free energy
| hydrogen chloride | chlorine | hydrogen molecular free energy | -95.3 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol total free energy | -190.6 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | G_initial = -190.6 kJ/mol | G_final = 0 kJ/mol | ΔG_rxn^0 | 0 kJ/mol - -190.6 kJ/mol = 190.6 kJ/mol (endergonic) | |
Entropy
| hydrogen chloride | chlorine | hydrogen molecular entropy | 187 J/(mol K) | 223 J/(mol K) | 115 J/(mol K) total entropy | 374 J/(mol K) | 223 J/(mol K) | 115 J/(mol K) | S_initial = 374 J/(mol K) | S_final = 338 J/(mol K) | ΔS_rxn^0 | 338 J/(mol K) - 374 J/(mol K) = -36 J/(mol K) (exoentropic) | |
Chemical names and formulas
| hydrogen chloride | chlorine | hydrogen Hill formula | ClH | Cl_2 | H_2 name | hydrogen chloride | chlorine | hydrogen IUPAC name | hydrogen chloride | molecular chlorine | molecular hydrogen
Substance properties
| hydrogen chloride | chlorine | hydrogen molar mass | 36.46 g/mol | 70.9 g/mol | 2.016 g/mol phase | gas (at STP) | gas (at STP) | gas (at STP) melting point | -114.17 °C | -101 °C | -259.2 °C boiling point | -85 °C | -34 °C | -252.8 °C density | 0.00149 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 0.003214 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 8.99×10^-5 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) solubility in water | miscible | | dynamic viscosity | | | 8.9×10^-6 Pa s (at 25 °C) odor | | | odorless
Units
