carbon, hydrogen, aluminum

carbon (chemical element) | hydrogen (chemical element) | aluminum (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| carbon | hydrogen | aluminum atomic symbol | C | H | Al atomic number | 6 | 1 | 13 short electronic configuration | [He]2s^22p^2 | 1s^1 | [Ne]3s^23p^1 Aufbau diagram | 2p 2s | 1s | 3p 3s block | p | s | p group | 14 | 1 | 13 period | 2 | 1 | 3 atomic mass | 12.011 u | 1.008 u | 26.9815385 u half-life | (stable) | (stable) | (stable)

| carbon | hydrogen | aluminum phase at STP | solid | gas | solid melting point | 3550 °C | -259.14 °C | 660.32 °C boiling point | 4027 °C | -252.87 °C | 2519 °C critical temperature | | 32.97 K | critical pressure | | 1.293 MPa | molar heat of fusion | 105 kJ/mol | 0.558 kJ/mol | 10.7 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 715 kJ/mol | 0.452 kJ/mol | 293 kJ/mol specific heat at STP | 710 J/(kg K) | 14300 J/(kg K) | 904 J/(kg K) adiabatic index | | 7/5 | (properties at standard conditions)

| carbon | hydrogen | aluminum density | 2.26 g/cm^3 | 8.99×10^-5 g/cm^3 | 2.7 g/cm^3 liquid density | | | 2.375 g/cm^3 molar volume | 5.315 cm^3/mol | 11200 cm^3/mol | 10 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 0.5 (between talc and gypsum) | | 2.75 (between calcite and gypsum) Vickers hardness | | | 167 MPa Brinell hardness | | | 245 MPa bulk modulus | 33 GPa | | 76 GPa shear modulus | | | 26 GPa Young's modulus | | | 70 GPa Poisson ratio | | | 0.35 refractive index | 2.417 | 1.000132 | sound speed | 18350 m/s | 1270 m/s | 5100 m/s thermal expansion | 7.1×10^-6 K^(-1) | | 2.31×10^-5 K^(-1) thermal conductivity | 140 W/(m K) | 0.1805 W/(m K) | 235 W/(m K) (properties at standard conditions)

| carbon | hydrogen | aluminum electrical type | conductor | | conductor resistivity | 1×10^-5 Ω m (ohm meters) | | 2.6×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 100000 S/m (siemens per meter) | | 3.8×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | diamagnetic | diamagnetic | paramagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | -1.4×10^-5 | -2.23×10^-9 | 2.11×10^-5 mass magnetic susceptibility | -6.2×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | -2.48×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | 7.8×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | -7.45×10^-11 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | -4.999×10^-11 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | 2.1×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | 5 eV (Polycrystalline) | | (4.06 to 4.26) eV threshold frequency | 1.209×10^15 Hz (hertz) | | (9.817×10^14 to 1.03×10^15) Hz (hertz) superconducting point | | | 1.175 K (kelvins) color | (black) | (colorless) | (silver) refractive index | 2.417 | 1.000132 |

| carbon | hydrogen | aluminum valence | 4 | 1 | 3 electronegativity | 2.55 | 2.2 | 1.61 electron affinity | 153.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 72.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 42.5 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 1086.5 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 1312 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 577.5 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 1086.5 kJ/mol | 2352.6 kJ/mol | 4620.5 kJ/mol | 6222.7 kJ/mol | 37831 kJ/mol | 47277 kJ/mol | 1312 kJ/mol | 577.5 kJ/mol | 1816.7 kJ/mol | 2744.8 kJ/mol | 11577 kJ/mol | 14842 kJ/mol | 18379 kJ/mol | 23326 kJ/mol | 27465 kJ/mol | 31853 kJ/mol | 38473 kJ/mol

Reactivity

| carbon | hydrogen | aluminum term symbol | ^3P_0 | ^2S_(1/2) | ^2P_(1/2) atomic radius | 70 pm | 25 pm | 125 pm covalent radius | 76 pm | 31 pm | 121 pm van der Waals radius | 170 pm | 120 pm | (electronic ground state properties)

| carbon | hydrogen | aluminum universe abundance | 0.5 mass% | 75 mass% | 0.005 mass% solar abundance | 0.3 mass% | 75 mass% | 0.006 mass% meteorite abundance | 1.5 mass% | 2.4 mass% | 0.91 mass% crust abundance | 0.18 mass% | 0.15 mass% | 8.1 mass% ocean abundance | 0.0028 mass% | 11 mass% | 5×10^-7 mass% human abundance | 23 mass% | 10 mass% | 9×10^-5 mass% universe molar abundance | 0.05 mol% | 93 mol% | 2×10^-4 mol% solar molar abundance | 0.03 mol% | 93 mol% | 3×10^-4 mol% meteorite molar abundance | 1.8 mol% | 17 mol% | 0.67 mol% ocean molar abundance | 0.0014 mol% | 66 mol% | 1.1×10^-7 mol% crust molar abundance | 0.31 mol% | 3.1 mol% | 6.3 mol% human molar abundance | 12 mol% | 62 mol% | 2.1×10^-5 mol%

| carbon | hydrogen | aluminum half-life | (stable) | (stable) | (stable) stable isotopes | C-12 (98.89%) | C-13 (1.11%) | H-1 (99.985%) | H-2 (1.5×10^-4) | Al-27 (100%) nuclear spin | C-8: 0^+ | C-9: 3/2^- | C-10: 0^+ | C-11: 3/2^- | C-12: 0^+ | C-13: 1/2^- | C-14: 0^+ | C-15: 1/2^+ | C-16: 0^+ | C-17: 3/2^+ | C-18: 0^+ | C-19: 1/2^+ | C-20: 0^+ | C-21: 1/2^+ | C-22: 0^+ | H-1: 1/2^+ | H-2: 1^+ | H-3: 1/2^+ | H-4: 2^- | H-5: 1/2^+ | H-6: 2^- | H-7: 1/2^+ | Al-21: 5/2^+ | Al-22: 3^+ | Al-23: 5/2^+ | Al-24: 4^+ | Al-25: 5/2^+ | Al-26: 5^+ | Al-27: 5/2^+ | Al-28: 3^+ | Al-29: 5/2^+ | Al-30: 3^+ | Al-32: 1^+ | Al-33: 5/2^+ | Al-34: 4^- | Al-35: 5/2^+ | Al-37: 3/2^+ | Al-39: 3/2^+ | Al-41: 3/2^+ unstable isotopes | C-14 (5700 yr) | C-11 (20.334 min) | C-10 (19.29 s) | C-15 (2.449 s) | C-16 (747 ms) | C-17 (193 ms) | C-9 (126.5 ms) | C-18 (92 ms) | C-19 (49 ms) | C-20 (14 ms) | C-22 (6.2 ms) | C-21 (30 ns) | C-8 (2 zs) | H-3 (12.32 yr) | H-6 (0.29 zs) | H-4 (0.139 zs) | H-5 (0.08 zs) | H-7 (0.023 zs) | Al-26 (0.717 Myr) | Al-29 (6.57 min) | Al-28 (134.48 s) | Al-25 (7.183 s) | Al-30 (3.6 s) | Al-24 (2.053 s) | Al-31 (644 ms) | Al-23 (470 ms) | Al-36 (90 ms) | Al-22 (59 ms) | Al-34 (42 ms) | Al-33 (41.7 ms) | Al-35 (38.6 ms) | Al-32 (33 ms) | Al-37 (10.7 ms) | Al-38 (7.6 ms) | Al-39 (7.6 µs) | Al-41 (260 ns) | Al-40 (260 ns) | Al-42 (170 ns) | Al-21 (35 ns) neutron cross-section | 0.0035 b | 0.332 b | 0.233 b neutron mass absorption | 1.5×10^-5 m^2/kg | 0.011 m^2/kg | 0.03 m^2/kg