Search

element weak

Input interpretation

weakest element | by bulk modulus
weakest element | by bulk modulus

Result

chlorine (1.1 GPa (gigapascals))
chlorine (1.1 GPa (gigapascals))

Periodic table location

Periodic table location
Periodic table location

Image

Image
Image

Basic elemental properties

atomic symbol | Cl atomic number | 17 short electronic configuration | [Ne]3s^23p^5 Aufbau diagram | 3p 3s block | p group | 17 period | 3 atomic mass | 35.45 u (unified atomic mass units)
atomic symbol | Cl atomic number | 17 short electronic configuration | [Ne]3s^23p^5 Aufbau diagram | 3p 3s block | p group | 17 period | 3 atomic mass | 35.45 u (unified atomic mass units)

Thermodynamic properties

phase at STP | gas melting point | -101.5 °C (rank: 93rd) boiling point | -34.04 °C (rank: 84th) critical temperature | 416.9 K (rank: 11th) critical pressure | 7.991 MPa (rank: 11th) molar heat of fusion | 3.2 kJ/mol (rank: 74th) molar heat of vaporization | 10.2 kJ/mol (rank: 85th) specific heat at STP | 478.2 J/(kg K) (rank: 25th) adiabatic index | 7/5 (rank: 1st) (properties at standard conditions)
phase at STP | gas melting point | -101.5 °C (rank: 93rd) boiling point | -34.04 °C (rank: 84th) critical temperature | 416.9 K (rank: 11th) critical pressure | 7.991 MPa (rank: 11th) molar heat of fusion | 3.2 kJ/mol (rank: 74th) molar heat of vaporization | 10.2 kJ/mol (rank: 85th) specific heat at STP | 478.2 J/(kg K) (rank: 25th) adiabatic index | 7/5 (rank: 1st) (properties at standard conditions)

Material properties

density | 0.003214 g/cm^3 (rank: 89th) molar volume | 11030 cm^3/mol bulk modulus | 1.1 GPa (rank: 69th) refractive index | 1.000773 sound speed | 206 m/s (rank: 72nd) thermal conductivity | 0.0089 W/(m K) (rank: 92nd) (properties at standard conditions)
density | 0.003214 g/cm^3 (rank: 89th) molar volume | 11030 cm^3/mol bulk modulus | 1.1 GPa (rank: 69th) refractive index | 1.000773 sound speed | 206 m/s (rank: 72nd) thermal conductivity | 0.0089 W/(m K) (rank: 92nd) (properties at standard conditions)

Electromagnetic properties

electrical type | insulator resistivity | 100 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 0.01 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | diamagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | -2.31×10^-8 mass magnetic susceptibility | -7.2×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | -5.11×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) color | (yellow) refractive index | 1.000773
electrical type | insulator resistivity | 100 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 0.01 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | diamagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | -2.31×10^-8 mass magnetic susceptibility | -7.2×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | -5.11×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) color | (yellow) refractive index | 1.000773

Reactivity

valence | 5 electronegativity | 3.16 electron affinity | 349 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 1251.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 1251.2 kJ/mol | 2298 kJ/mol | 3822 kJ/mol | 5158.6 kJ/mol | 6542 kJ/mol | 9362 kJ/mol | 11018 kJ/mol | 33604 kJ/mol | 38600 kJ/mol | 43961 kJ/mol
valence | 5 electronegativity | 3.16 electron affinity | 349 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 1251.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 1251.2 kJ/mol | 2298 kJ/mol | 3822 kJ/mol | 5158.6 kJ/mol | 6542 kJ/mol | 9362 kJ/mol | 11018 kJ/mol | 33604 kJ/mol | 38600 kJ/mol | 43961 kJ/mol
Reactivity
Reactivity

Atomic properties

term symbol | ^2P_(3/2) atomic radius | 100 pm covalent radius | 102 pm van der Waals radius | 175 pm (electronic ground state properties)
term symbol | ^2P_(3/2) atomic radius | 100 pm covalent radius | 102 pm van der Waals radius | 175 pm (electronic ground state properties)
(neutral chlorine atomic spectrum)
(neutral chlorine atomic spectrum)

Abundances

universe abundance | 1×10^-4 mass% (rank: 22nd) solar abundance | 8×10^-4 mass% (rank: 18th) meteorite abundance | 0.037 mass% (rank: 19th) crust abundance | 0.017 mass% (rank: 19th) ocean abundance | 2 mass% (rank: 3rd) human abundance | 0.12 mass% (rank: 10th) universe molar abundance | 4×10^-6 mol% (rank: 22nd) solar molar abundance | 3×10^-5 mol% (rank: 17th) meteorite molar abundance | 0.016 mol% (rank: 19th) ocean molar abundance | 0.35 mol% (rank: 3rd) crust molar abundance | 0.0099 mol% (rank: 16th) human molar abundance | 0.021 mol% (rank: 10th)
universe abundance | 1×10^-4 mass% (rank: 22nd) solar abundance | 8×10^-4 mass% (rank: 18th) meteorite abundance | 0.037 mass% (rank: 19th) crust abundance | 0.017 mass% (rank: 19th) ocean abundance | 2 mass% (rank: 3rd) human abundance | 0.12 mass% (rank: 10th) universe molar abundance | 4×10^-6 mol% (rank: 22nd) solar molar abundance | 3×10^-5 mol% (rank: 17th) meteorite molar abundance | 0.016 mol% (rank: 19th) ocean molar abundance | 0.35 mol% (rank: 3rd) crust molar abundance | 0.0099 mol% (rank: 16th) human molar abundance | 0.021 mol% (rank: 10th)

Nuclear properties

half-life | (stable) stable isotopes | Cl-35 (75.77%) | Cl-37 (24.23%) nuclear spin | Cl-28: 1^+ | Cl-29: 3/2^+ | Cl-30: 3^+ | Cl-31: 3/2^+ | Cl-32: 1^+ | Cl-33: 3/2^+ | Cl-34: 0^+ | Cl-35: 3/2^+ | Cl-36: 2^+ | Cl-37: 3/2^+ | Cl-38: 2^- | Cl-39: 3/2^+ | Cl-40: 2^- | Cl-41: 1/2^+ | Cl-43: 1/2^+ | Cl-45: 1/2^+ | Cl-47: 3/2^+ | Cl-49: 3/2^+ | Cl-51: 3/2^+ unstable isotopes | Cl-36 (0.3 Myr) | Cl-39 (56.2 min) | Cl-38 (37.23 min) | Cl-40 (81 s) | Cl-41 (38.4 s) | Cl-42 (6.8 s) | Cl-43 (3.13 s) | Cl-33 (2.511 s) | Cl-34 (1.5264 s) | Cl-44 (560 ms) | Cl-45 (413 ms) | Cl-32 (298 ms) | Cl-46 (232 ms) | Cl-31 (150 ms) | Cl-47 (101 ms) | Cl-50 (20 ms) | Cl-51 (200 ns) | Cl-48 (200 ns) | Cl-49 (170 ns) | Cl-30 (30 ns) | Cl-29 (20 ns) neutron cross-section | 35.3 b neutron mass absorption | 0.033 m^2/kg
half-life | (stable) stable isotopes | Cl-35 (75.77%) | Cl-37 (24.23%) nuclear spin | Cl-28: 1^+ | Cl-29: 3/2^+ | Cl-30: 3^+ | Cl-31: 3/2^+ | Cl-32: 1^+ | Cl-33: 3/2^+ | Cl-34: 0^+ | Cl-35: 3/2^+ | Cl-36: 2^+ | Cl-37: 3/2^+ | Cl-38: 2^- | Cl-39: 3/2^+ | Cl-40: 2^- | Cl-41: 1/2^+ | Cl-43: 1/2^+ | Cl-45: 1/2^+ | Cl-47: 3/2^+ | Cl-49: 3/2^+ | Cl-51: 3/2^+ unstable isotopes | Cl-36 (0.3 Myr) | Cl-39 (56.2 min) | Cl-38 (37.23 min) | Cl-40 (81 s) | Cl-41 (38.4 s) | Cl-42 (6.8 s) | Cl-43 (3.13 s) | Cl-33 (2.511 s) | Cl-34 (1.5264 s) | Cl-44 (560 ms) | Cl-45 (413 ms) | Cl-32 (298 ms) | Cl-46 (232 ms) | Cl-31 (150 ms) | Cl-47 (101 ms) | Cl-50 (20 ms) | Cl-51 (200 ns) | Cl-48 (200 ns) | Cl-49 (170 ns) | Cl-30 (30 ns) | Cl-29 (20 ns) neutron cross-section | 35.3 b neutron mass absorption | 0.033 m^2/kg

Identifiers

CAS number | 7782-50-5 PubChem CID number | 24526
CAS number | 7782-50-5 PubChem CID number | 24526

Elements ranked by bulk modulus

1 | chlorine | 1.1 GPa | 2 | cesium | 1.6 GPa | 3 | bromine | 1.9 GPa | 4 | rubidium | 2.5 GPa | 5 | potassium | 3.1 GPa | 6 | sodium | 6.3 GPa | 7 | iodine | 7.7 GPa | 8 | sulfur | 7.7 GPa | 9 | europium | 8.3 GPa | 10 | selenium | 8.3 GPa | ⋮
1 | chlorine | 1.1 GPa | 2 | cesium | 1.6 GPa | 3 | bromine | 1.9 GPa | 4 | rubidium | 2.5 GPa | 5 | potassium | 3.1 GPa | 6 | sodium | 6.3 GPa | 7 | iodine | 7.7 GPa | 8 | sulfur | 7.7 GPa | 9 | europium | 8.3 GPa | 10 | selenium | 8.3 GPa | ⋮

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