Input interpretation
![acrolein](../image_source/63f2c6e55f530436604cf14be84c3bf9.png)
acrolein
Chemical names and formulas
![formula | CH_2=CHCHO Hill formula | C_3H_4O name | acrolein IUPAC name | prop-2-enal alternate names | 2-propenal | acraldehyde | acrylaldehyde | acrylic aldehyde | allyl aldehyde | aqualine | crolean | prop-2-enal | propenal | slimicide mass fractions | C (carbon) 64.3% | H (hydrogen) 7.19% | O (oxygen) 28.5%](../image_source/affdf4cf37d2591cdacb789dc5b5b6c3.png)
formula | CH_2=CHCHO Hill formula | C_3H_4O name | acrolein IUPAC name | prop-2-enal alternate names | 2-propenal | acraldehyde | acrylaldehyde | acrylic aldehyde | allyl aldehyde | aqualine | crolean | prop-2-enal | propenal | slimicide mass fractions | C (carbon) 64.3% | H (hydrogen) 7.19% | O (oxygen) 28.5%
Lewis structure
![Draw the Lewis structure of acrolein. Start by drawing the overall structure of the molecule, ignoring potential double and triple bonds: Count the total valence electrons of the carbon (n_C, val = 4), hydrogen (n_H, val = 1), and oxygen (n_O, val = 6) atoms: 3 n_C, val + 4 n_H, val + n_O, val = 22 Calculate the number of electrons needed to completely fill the valence shells for carbon (n_C, full = 8), hydrogen (n_H, full = 2), and oxygen (n_O, full = 8): 3 n_C, full + 4 n_H, full + n_O, full = 40 Subtracting these two numbers shows that 40 - 22 = 18 bonding electrons are needed. Each bond has two electrons, so in addition to the 7 bonds already present in the diagram add 2 bonds. To minimize formal charge oxygen wants 2 bonds and carbon wants 4 bonds. Identify the atoms that want additional bonds and the number of electrons remaining on each atom: Fill in the 2 bonds by pairing electrons between adjacent highlighted atoms: Answer: | |](../image_source/61ec4a44b64acbbc5f30a3b460d50158.png)
Draw the Lewis structure of acrolein. Start by drawing the overall structure of the molecule, ignoring potential double and triple bonds: Count the total valence electrons of the carbon (n_C, val = 4), hydrogen (n_H, val = 1), and oxygen (n_O, val = 6) atoms: 3 n_C, val + 4 n_H, val + n_O, val = 22 Calculate the number of electrons needed to completely fill the valence shells for carbon (n_C, full = 8), hydrogen (n_H, full = 2), and oxygen (n_O, full = 8): 3 n_C, full + 4 n_H, full + n_O, full = 40 Subtracting these two numbers shows that 40 - 22 = 18 bonding electrons are needed. Each bond has two electrons, so in addition to the 7 bonds already present in the diagram add 2 bonds. To minimize formal charge oxygen wants 2 bonds and carbon wants 4 bonds. Identify the atoms that want additional bonds and the number of electrons remaining on each atom: Fill in the 2 bonds by pairing electrons between adjacent highlighted atoms: Answer: | |
3D structure
![3D structure](../image_source/efa0a02cd5b039c6be85d1a145bfff49.png)
3D structure
Basic properties
![molar mass | 56.064 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) melting point | -87 °C boiling point | 53 °C density | 0.839 g/cm^3](../image_source/59825a96166b82124b4e6a3366c3d8b2.png)
molar mass | 56.064 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) melting point | -87 °C boiling point | 53 °C density | 0.839 g/cm^3
Units
Liquid properties (at STP)
![density | 0.839 g/cm^3 vapor pressure | 209.4 mmHg dynamic viscosity | 3.5×10^-4 Pa s (at 20 °C) surface tension | 0.024 N/m refractive index | 1.403](../image_source/91a7a38cc0e46b5af6ced8f290e7b0c6.png)
density | 0.839 g/cm^3 vapor pressure | 209.4 mmHg dynamic viscosity | 3.5×10^-4 Pa s (at 20 °C) surface tension | 0.024 N/m refractive index | 1.403
Units
Thermodynamic properties
![molar heat of vaporization | 28.3 kJ/mol specific heat of vaporization | 0.505 kJ/g molar heat of combustion | 1634 kJ/mol specific heat of combustion | 29.15 kJ/g critical temperature | 527 K critical pressure | 5.07 MPa (at STP)](../image_source/1d9f227505c8e1df137b74222387619a.png)
molar heat of vaporization | 28.3 kJ/mol specific heat of vaporization | 0.505 kJ/g molar heat of combustion | 1634 kJ/mol specific heat of combustion | 29.15 kJ/g critical temperature | 527 K critical pressure | 5.07 MPa (at STP)
Chemical identifiers
![CAS number | 107-02-8 Beilstein number | 741856 PubChem CID number | 7847 PubChem SID number | 24846970 SMILES identifier | C=CC=O InChI identifier | InChI=1/C3H4O/c1-2-3-4/h2-3H, 1H2 RTECS number | AS1050000 MDL number | MFCD00006998](../image_source/a5ac22fd4f9d9ec5c6cf87cc7b50d74a.png)
CAS number | 107-02-8 Beilstein number | 741856 PubChem CID number | 7847 PubChem SID number | 24846970 SMILES identifier | C=CC=O InChI identifier | InChI=1/C3H4O/c1-2-3-4/h2-3H, 1H2 RTECS number | AS1050000 MDL number | MFCD00006998
NFPA label
![NFPA label](../image_source/25b911258f7fab1354325014b7c7a17a.png)
NFPA label
![NFPA health rating | 4 NFPA fire rating | 3 NFPA reactivity rating | 3](../image_source/769faf5f6410e34fbb7d36ee1d99ba7e.png)
NFPA health rating | 4 NFPA fire rating | 3 NFPA reactivity rating | 3
Safety properties
![flash point | -18.89 °C autoignition point | 234 °C lower explosive limit | 2.8% (concentration in air) upper explosive limit | 31% (concentration in air)](../image_source/c693120eeb134291db91fb4728215a0e.png)
flash point | -18.89 °C autoignition point | 234 °C lower explosive limit | 2.8% (concentration in air) upper explosive limit | 31% (concentration in air)
![DOT hazard class | 6.1 DOT numbers | 1092](../image_source/de35a6e74c491354bb6002f1f2cfa0cc.png)
DOT hazard class | 6.1 DOT numbers | 1092
Toxicity properties
![odor | piercing | disagreeable odor threshold | 0.16 ppm lethal dosage | 40 mg/kg (oral dose for rats) short-term exposure limit | 0.8 mg/m^3 threshold limit value | 0.1 ppmv](../image_source/5abefae354ba5e802a7637ecb291a46e.png)
odor | piercing | disagreeable odor threshold | 0.16 ppm lethal dosage | 40 mg/kg (oral dose for rats) short-term exposure limit | 0.8 mg/m^3 threshold limit value | 0.1 ppmv
Units