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H2O + NaClO + Pb(CH3COO)2 = NaCl + CH3COOH + PbO2

Input interpretation

H_2O water + NaOCl sodium hypochlorite + Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 lead(II) acetate ⟶ NaCl sodium chloride + CH_3CO_2H acetic acid + PbO_2 lead dioxide
H_2O water + NaOCl sodium hypochlorite + Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 lead(II) acetate ⟶ NaCl sodium chloride + CH_3CO_2H acetic acid + PbO_2 lead dioxide

Balanced equation

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: H_2O + NaOCl + Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 ⟶ NaCl + CH_3CO_2H + PbO_2 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 H_2O + c_2 NaOCl + c_3 Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 ⟶ c_4 NaCl + c_5 CH_3CO_2H + c_6 PbO_2 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, O, Cl, Na, C and Pb: H: | 2 c_1 + 6 c_3 = 4 c_5 O: | c_1 + c_2 + 4 c_3 = 2 c_5 + 2 c_6 Cl: | c_2 = c_4 Na: | c_2 = c_4 C: | 4 c_3 = 2 c_5 Pb: | c_3 = c_6 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 c_5 = 2 c_6 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: |   | H_2O + NaOCl + Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 ⟶ NaCl + 2 CH_3CO_2H + PbO_2
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: H_2O + NaOCl + Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 ⟶ NaCl + CH_3CO_2H + PbO_2 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 H_2O + c_2 NaOCl + c_3 Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 ⟶ c_4 NaCl + c_5 CH_3CO_2H + c_6 PbO_2 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, O, Cl, Na, C and Pb: H: | 2 c_1 + 6 c_3 = 4 c_5 O: | c_1 + c_2 + 4 c_3 = 2 c_5 + 2 c_6 Cl: | c_2 = c_4 Na: | c_2 = c_4 C: | 4 c_3 = 2 c_5 Pb: | c_3 = c_6 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 c_5 = 2 c_6 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | H_2O + NaOCl + Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 ⟶ NaCl + 2 CH_3CO_2H + PbO_2

Structures

 + + ⟶ + +
+ + ⟶ + +

Names

water + sodium hypochlorite + lead(II) acetate ⟶ sodium chloride + acetic acid + lead dioxide
water + sodium hypochlorite + lead(II) acetate ⟶ sodium chloride + acetic acid + lead dioxide

Equilibrium constant

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: H_2O + NaOCl + Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 ⟶ NaCl + CH_3CO_2H + PbO_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: H_2O + NaOCl + Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 ⟶ NaCl + 2 CH_3CO_2H + PbO_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i H_2O | 1 | -1 NaOCl | 1 | -1 Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 | 1 | -1 NaCl | 1 | 1 CH_3CO_2H | 2 | 2 PbO_2 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression H_2O | 1 | -1 | ([H2O])^(-1) NaOCl | 1 | -1 | ([NaOCl])^(-1) Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 | 1 | -1 | ([Pb(CH3CO2)2])^(-1) NaCl | 1 | 1 | [NaCl] CH_3CO_2H | 2 | 2 | ([CH3CO2H])^2 PbO_2 | 1 | 1 | [PbO2] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: |   | K_c = ([H2O])^(-1) ([NaOCl])^(-1) ([Pb(CH3CO2)2])^(-1) [NaCl] ([CH3CO2H])^2 [PbO2] = ([NaCl] ([CH3CO2H])^2 [PbO2])/([H2O] [NaOCl] [Pb(CH3CO2)2])
Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: H_2O + NaOCl + Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 ⟶ NaCl + CH_3CO_2H + PbO_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: H_2O + NaOCl + Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 ⟶ NaCl + 2 CH_3CO_2H + PbO_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i H_2O | 1 | -1 NaOCl | 1 | -1 Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 | 1 | -1 NaCl | 1 | 1 CH_3CO_2H | 2 | 2 PbO_2 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression H_2O | 1 | -1 | ([H2O])^(-1) NaOCl | 1 | -1 | ([NaOCl])^(-1) Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 | 1 | -1 | ([Pb(CH3CO2)2])^(-1) NaCl | 1 | 1 | [NaCl] CH_3CO_2H | 2 | 2 | ([CH3CO2H])^2 PbO_2 | 1 | 1 | [PbO2] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([H2O])^(-1) ([NaOCl])^(-1) ([Pb(CH3CO2)2])^(-1) [NaCl] ([CH3CO2H])^2 [PbO2] = ([NaCl] ([CH3CO2H])^2 [PbO2])/([H2O] [NaOCl] [Pb(CH3CO2)2])

Rate of reaction

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: H_2O + NaOCl + Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 ⟶ NaCl + CH_3CO_2H + PbO_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: H_2O + NaOCl + Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 ⟶ NaCl + 2 CH_3CO_2H + PbO_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i H_2O | 1 | -1 NaOCl | 1 | -1 Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 | 1 | -1 NaCl | 1 | 1 CH_3CO_2H | 2 | 2 PbO_2 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term H_2O | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[H2O])/(Δt) NaOCl | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[NaOCl])/(Δt) Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[Pb(CH3CO2)2])/(Δt) NaCl | 1 | 1 | (Δ[NaCl])/(Δt) CH_3CO_2H | 2 | 2 | 1/2 (Δ[CH3CO2H])/(Δt) PbO_2 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[PbO2])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: |   | rate = -(Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = -(Δ[NaOCl])/(Δt) = -(Δ[Pb(CH3CO2)2])/(Δt) = (Δ[NaCl])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[CH3CO2H])/(Δt) = (Δ[PbO2])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Construct the rate of reaction expression for: H_2O + NaOCl + Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 ⟶ NaCl + CH_3CO_2H + PbO_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: H_2O + NaOCl + Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 ⟶ NaCl + 2 CH_3CO_2H + PbO_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i H_2O | 1 | -1 NaOCl | 1 | -1 Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 | 1 | -1 NaCl | 1 | 1 CH_3CO_2H | 2 | 2 PbO_2 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term H_2O | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[H2O])/(Δt) NaOCl | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[NaOCl])/(Δt) Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[Pb(CH3CO2)2])/(Δt) NaCl | 1 | 1 | (Δ[NaCl])/(Δt) CH_3CO_2H | 2 | 2 | 1/2 (Δ[CH3CO2H])/(Δt) PbO_2 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[PbO2])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -(Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = -(Δ[NaOCl])/(Δt) = -(Δ[Pb(CH3CO2)2])/(Δt) = (Δ[NaCl])/(Δt) = 1/2 (Δ[CH3CO2H])/(Δt) = (Δ[PbO2])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

Chemical names and formulas

 | water | sodium hypochlorite | lead(II) acetate | sodium chloride | acetic acid | lead dioxide formula | H_2O | NaOCl | Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 | NaCl | CH_3CO_2H | PbO_2 Hill formula | H_2O | ClNaO | C_4H_6O_4Pb | ClNa | C_2H_4O_2 | O_2Pb name | water | sodium hypochlorite | lead(II) acetate | sodium chloride | acetic acid | lead dioxide IUPAC name | water | sodium hypochlorite | lead(2+) diacetate | sodium chloride | acetic acid |
| water | sodium hypochlorite | lead(II) acetate | sodium chloride | acetic acid | lead dioxide formula | H_2O | NaOCl | Pb(CH_3CO_2)_2 | NaCl | CH_3CO_2H | PbO_2 Hill formula | H_2O | ClNaO | C_4H_6O_4Pb | ClNa | C_2H_4O_2 | O_2Pb name | water | sodium hypochlorite | lead(II) acetate | sodium chloride | acetic acid | lead dioxide IUPAC name | water | sodium hypochlorite | lead(2+) diacetate | sodium chloride | acetic acid |