Input interpretation
![sodium hydroxide + potassium nitrate ⟶ potassium hydroxide + sodium nitrate](../image_source/f54d09b70a42a7ce628bd0134318ebfb.png)
sodium hydroxide + potassium nitrate ⟶ potassium hydroxide + sodium nitrate
Balanced equation
![Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, Na, O, K and N: H: | c_1 = c_3 Na: | c_1 = c_4 O: | c_1 + 3 c_2 = c_3 + 3 c_4 K: | c_2 = c_3 N: | c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | + ⟶ +](../image_source/7864c5513a925a0e70b8441cd3e3d022.png)
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, Na, O, K and N: H: | c_1 = c_3 Na: | c_1 = c_4 O: | c_1 + 3 c_2 = c_3 + 3 c_4 K: | c_2 = c_3 N: | c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | + ⟶ +
Structures
![+ ⟶ +](../image_source/686010d375b02508ec4529e1de2a0203.png)
+ ⟶ +
Names
![sodium hydroxide + potassium nitrate ⟶ potassium hydroxide + sodium nitrate](../image_source/dcda8fdd29d994c7de454b767d870036.png)
sodium hydroxide + potassium nitrate ⟶ potassium hydroxide + sodium nitrate
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
![| sodium hydroxide | potassium nitrate | potassium hydroxide | sodium nitrate molecular enthalpy | -425.8 kJ/mol | -494.6 kJ/mol | -424.6 kJ/mol | -467.9 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -425.8 kJ/mol | -494.6 kJ/mol | -424.6 kJ/mol | -467.9 kJ/mol | H_initial = -920.4 kJ/mol | | H_final = -892.5 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | -892.5 kJ/mol - -920.4 kJ/mol = 27.9 kJ/mol (endothermic) | | |](../image_source/ba766315b17498be10d12a2c8b5249bf.png)
| sodium hydroxide | potassium nitrate | potassium hydroxide | sodium nitrate molecular enthalpy | -425.8 kJ/mol | -494.6 kJ/mol | -424.6 kJ/mol | -467.9 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -425.8 kJ/mol | -494.6 kJ/mol | -424.6 kJ/mol | -467.9 kJ/mol | H_initial = -920.4 kJ/mol | | H_final = -892.5 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | -892.5 kJ/mol - -920.4 kJ/mol = 27.9 kJ/mol (endothermic) | | |
Gibbs free energy
![| sodium hydroxide | potassium nitrate | potassium hydroxide | sodium nitrate molecular free energy | -379.7 kJ/mol | -394.9 kJ/mol | -379.4 kJ/mol | -366 kJ/mol total free energy | -379.7 kJ/mol | -394.9 kJ/mol | -379.4 kJ/mol | -366 kJ/mol | G_initial = -774.6 kJ/mol | | G_final = -745.4 kJ/mol | ΔG_rxn^0 | -745.4 kJ/mol - -774.6 kJ/mol = 29.2 kJ/mol (endergonic) | | |](../image_source/f90da04d2d1b3c764ec50a79a7370f3d.png)
| sodium hydroxide | potassium nitrate | potassium hydroxide | sodium nitrate molecular free energy | -379.7 kJ/mol | -394.9 kJ/mol | -379.4 kJ/mol | -366 kJ/mol total free energy | -379.7 kJ/mol | -394.9 kJ/mol | -379.4 kJ/mol | -366 kJ/mol | G_initial = -774.6 kJ/mol | | G_final = -745.4 kJ/mol | ΔG_rxn^0 | -745.4 kJ/mol - -774.6 kJ/mol = 29.2 kJ/mol (endergonic) | | |
Chemical names and formulas
![| sodium hydroxide | potassium nitrate | potassium hydroxide | sodium nitrate Hill formula | HNaO | KNO_3 | HKO | NNaO_3 name | sodium hydroxide | potassium nitrate | potassium hydroxide | sodium nitrate](../image_source/74518fce8e2d27a8504cc6d314cc8b6b.png)
| sodium hydroxide | potassium nitrate | potassium hydroxide | sodium nitrate Hill formula | HNaO | KNO_3 | HKO | NNaO_3 name | sodium hydroxide | potassium nitrate | potassium hydroxide | sodium nitrate