barium vs cesium vs potassium

barium (chemical element) | cesium (chemical element) | potassium (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| barium | cesium | potassium atomic symbol | Ba | Cs | K atomic number | 56 | 55 | 19 short electronic configuration | [Xe]6s^2 | [Xe]6s^1 | [Ar]4s^1 Aufbau diagram | 6s | 6s | 4s block | s | s | s group | 2 | 1 | 1 period | 6 | 6 | 4 atomic mass | 137.327 u | 132.90545196 u | 39.0983 u half-life | (stable) | (stable) | (stable)

| barium | cesium | potassium phase at STP | solid | solid | solid melting point | 727 °C | 28.44 °C | 63.38 °C boiling point | 1870 °C | 671 °C | 759 °C critical temperature | (unknown) | 1938 K | 2223 K critical pressure | (unknown) | 9.4 MPa | 16 MPa molar heat of fusion | 8 kJ/mol | 2.09 kJ/mol | 2.33 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 140 kJ/mol | 65 kJ/mol | 76.9 kJ/mol specific heat at STP | 205 J/(kg K) | 242 J/(kg K) | 757 J/(kg K) (properties at standard conditions)

| barium | cesium | potassium density | 3.51 g/cm^3 | 1.879 g/cm^3 | 0.856 g/cm^3 liquid density | 3.338 g/cm^3 | 1.843 g/cm^3 | 0.828 g/cm^3 molar volume | 39.12 cm^3/mol | 70.73 cm^3/mol | 45.7 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 1.25 (between talc and gypsum) | 0.2 (between talc and gypsum) | 0.4 (between talc and gypsum) Brinell hardness | | 0.14 MPa | 0.363 MPa bulk modulus | 9.6 GPa | 1.6 GPa | 3.1 GPa shear modulus | 4.9 GPa | | 1.3 GPa Young's modulus | 13 GPa | 1.7 GPa | sound speed | 1620 m/s | | 2000 m/s thermal expansion | 2.06×10^-5 K^(-1) | | thermal conductivity | 18 W/(m K) | 36 W/(m K) | 100 W/(m K) (properties at standard conditions)

| barium | cesium | potassium electrical type | conductor | conductor | conductor resistivity | 3.5×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) | 2×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) | 7×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 2.9×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) | 5×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) | 1.4×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | paramagnetic | paramagnetic | paramagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | 3.966×10^-5 | 5.26×10^-6 | 5.74×10^-6 mass magnetic susceptibility | 1.13×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | 2.8×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | 6.7×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | 1.552×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | 3.72×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | 2.62×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | 2.52 eV (Polycrystalline) | 1.95 eV (Polycrystalline) | 2.29 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | 6.093×10^14 Hz (hertz) | 4.715×10^14 Hz (hertz) | 5.537×10^14 Hz (hertz) color | (silver) | (yellow) | (silver)

| barium | cesium | potassium valence | 2 | 1 | 1 electronegativity | 0.89 | 0.79 | 0.82 electron affinity | 13.95 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 45.5 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 48.4 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 502.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 375.7 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 418.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 502.9 kJ/mol | 965.2 kJ/mol | 3600 kJ/mol | 375.7 kJ/mol | 2234.3 kJ/mol | 3400 kJ/mol | 418.8 kJ/mol | 3052 kJ/mol | 4420 kJ/mol | 5877 kJ/mol | 7975 kJ/mol | 9590 kJ/mol | 11343 kJ/mol | 14944 kJ/mol | 16963.7 kJ/mol | 48610 kJ/mol

Reactivity

| barium | cesium | potassium term symbol | ^1S_0 | ^2S_(1/2) | ^2S_(1/2) atomic radius | 215 pm | 260 pm | 220 pm covalent radius | 215 pm | 244 pm | 203 pm van der Waals radius | (unknown) | | 275 pm (electronic ground state properties)

| barium | cesium | potassium universe abundance | 1×10^-6 mass% | 8×10^-8 mass% | 3×10^-4 mass% solar abundance | 1×10^-6 mass% | 8×10^-7 mass% | 4×10^-4 mass% meteorite abundance | 2.7×10^-4 mass% | 1.4×10^-5 mass% | 0.07 mass% crust abundance | 0.034 mass% | 1.9×10^-4 mass% | 1.5 mass% ocean abundance | 3×10^-6 mass% | 5×10^-8 mass% | 0.042 mass% human abundance | 3×10^-5 mass% | 2×10^-6 mass% | 0.2 mass% universe molar abundance | 9×10^-9 mol% | 1×10^-9 mol% | 1×10^-5 mol% solar molar abundance | 9.9×10^-9 mol% | 7×10^-9 mol% | 9.9×10^-6 mol% meteorite molar abundance | 4.1×10^-5 mol% | 2×10^-6 mol% | 0.037 mol% ocean molar abundance | 1.4×10^-7 mol% | 2.3×10^-9 mol% | 0.0066 mol% crust molar abundance | 0.0051 mol% | 2.9×10^-5 mol% | 0.78 mol% human molar abundance | 1.4×10^-6 mol% | 1×10^-7 mol% | 0.032 mol%