chlorine vs bromine vs gallium vs nitrogen

chlorine (chemical element) | bromine (chemical element) | gallium (chemical element) | nitrogen (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration chlorine | Cl | 17 | [Ne]3s^23p^5 bromine | Br | 35 | [Ar]4s^23d^104p^5 gallium | Ga | 31 | [Ar]4s^23d^104p^1 nitrogen | N | 7 | [He]2s^22p^3 | Aufbau diagram | block | group chlorine | 3p 3s | p | 17 bromine | 4p 3d 4s | p | 17 gallium | 4p 3d 4s | p | 13 nitrogen | 2p 2s | p | 15 | period | atomic mass | half-life chlorine | 3 | 35.45 u | (stable) bromine | 4 | 79.904 u | (stable) gallium | 4 | 69.723 u | (stable) nitrogen | 2 | 14.007 u | (stable)

phase at STP | all | gas | liquid | solid melting point | median | -54.4 °C | highest | 29.76 °C (gallium) | lowest | -210.1 °C (nitrogen) | distribution | boiling point | median | 12 °C | highest | 2204 °C (gallium) | lowest | -195.79 °C (nitrogen) | distribution | critical temperature | median | 416.9 K | highest | 588 K (bromine) | lowest | 126.21 K (nitrogen) critical pressure | median | 7.991 MPa | highest | 10.34 MPa (bromine) | lowest | 3.39 MPa (nitrogen) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 4.4 kJ/mol | highest | 5.8 kJ/mol (bromine) | lowest | 0.36 kJ/mol (nitrogen) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 12.5 kJ/mol | highest | 256 kJ/mol (gallium) | lowest | 2.79 kJ/mol (nitrogen) specific heat at STP | median | 712.7 J/(kg K) | highest | 1040 J/(kg K) (nitrogen) | lowest | 371 J/(kg K) (gallium) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

density | median | 1.562 g/cm^3 | highest | 5.904 g/cm^3 (gallium) | lowest | 0.001251 g/cm^3 (nitrogen) | distribution | molar volume | median | 5530 cm^3/mol | highest | 11200 cm^3/mol (nitrogen) | lowest | 11.81 cm^3/mol (gallium) Brinell hardness | all | 60 MPa refractive index | median | 1.000773 | highest | 1.001132 (bromine) | lowest | 1.000298 (nitrogen) sound speed | median | 333.6 m/s | highest | 2740 m/s (gallium) | lowest | 206 m/s (chlorine) thermal conductivity | median | 0.073 W/(m K) | highest | 29 W/(m K) (gallium) | lowest | 0.0089 W/(m K) (chlorine) (properties at standard conditions)

resistivity | median | 100 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 1×10^10 Ω m (ohm meters) (bromine) | lowest | 1.4×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) (gallium) electrical conductivity | median | 0.01 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 7.1×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) (gallium) | lowest | 1×10^-10 S/m (siemens per meter) (bromine) volume magnetic susceptibility | median | -7.66×10^-6 | highest | -6.8×10^-9 (nitrogen) | lowest | -1.77×10^-5 (gallium) mass magnetic susceptibility | median | -5.1×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | highest | -3×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (gallium) | lowest | -7.2×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (chlorine) | distribution | molar magnetic susceptibility | median | -3.6×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | highest | -1.5×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (nitrogen) | lowest | -7.83×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (bromine) | distribution | work function | all | 4.32 eV

valence | median | 4 | highest | 5 (chlorine and bromine) | lowest | 3 (gallium and nitrogen) electronegativity | median | 3 | highest | 3.16 (chlorine) | lowest | 1.81 (gallium) | distribution | electron affinity | median | 176.7 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 349 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (chlorine) | lowest | 7 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (nitrogen) first ionization energy | median | 1195.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 1402.3 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (nitrogen) | lowest | 578.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (gallium) | distribution |

term symbol | all | ^2P_(1/2) | ^2P_(3/2) | ^4S_(3/2) atomic radius | median | 108 pm | highest | 130 pm (gallium) | lowest | 65 pm (nitrogen) | distribution | covalent radius | median | 111 pm | highest | 122 pm (gallium) | lowest | 71 pm (nitrogen) | distribution | van der Waals radius | median | 180 pm | highest | 187 pm (gallium) | lowest | 155 pm (nitrogen) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)

universe abundance | median | 5.05×10^-5 mass% | highest | 0.1 mass% (nitrogen) | lowest | 7×10^-7 mass% (bromine) solar abundance | median | 8×10^-4 mass% | highest | 0.1 mass% (nitrogen) | lowest | 4×10^-6 mass% (gallium) meteorite abundance | median | 0.019 mass% | highest | 0.14 mass% (nitrogen) | lowest | 1.2×10^-4 mass% (bromine) crust abundance | median | 0.0019 mass% | highest | 0.017 mass% (chlorine) | lowest | 3×10^-4 mass% (bromine) ocean abundance | median | 0.0034 mass% | highest | 2 mass% (chlorine) | lowest | 3×10^-9 mass% (gallium) human abundance | median | 0.12 mass% | highest | 2.6 mass% (nitrogen) | lowest | 2.9×10^-4 mass% (bromine) universe molar abundance | median | 2×10^-6 mol% | highest | 0.009 mol% (nitrogen) | lowest | 1×10^-8 mol% (bromine) solar molar abundance | median | 3×10^-5 mol% | highest | 0.009 mol% (nitrogen) | lowest | 6×10^-8 mol% (gallium) meteorite molar abundance | median | 0.0081 mol% | highest | 0.14 mol% (nitrogen) | lowest | 2.3×10^-5 mol% (bromine) ocean molar abundance | median | 2.7×10^-4 mol% | highest | 0.35 mol% (chlorine) | lowest | 2.7×10^-10 mol% (gallium) crust molar abundance | median | 0.0017 mol% | highest | 0.0099 mol% (chlorine) | lowest | 7.8×10^-5 mol% (bromine) | distribution | human molar abundance | median | 0.021 mol% | highest | 1.2 mol% (nitrogen) | lowest | 2.3×10^-5 mol% (bromine)