Input interpretation
sodium hydroxide + iodine + formaldehyde ⟶ water + sodium iodide + sodium formate
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + + ⟶ + + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 + c_3 ⟶ c_4 + c_5 + c_6 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, Na, O, I and C: H: | c_1 + 2 c_3 = 2 c_4 + c_6 Na: | c_1 = c_5 + c_6 O: | c_1 + c_3 = c_4 + 2 c_6 I: | 2 c_2 = c_5 C: | c_3 = c_6 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 3 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 2 c_5 = 2 c_6 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 3 + + ⟶ 2 + 2 +
Structures
+ + ⟶ + +
Names
sodium hydroxide + iodine + formaldehyde ⟶ water + sodium iodide + sodium formate
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| sodium hydroxide | iodine | formaldehyde | water | sodium iodide | sodium formate molecular enthalpy | -425.8 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -108.6 kJ/mol | -285.8 kJ/mol | -287.8 kJ/mol | -666.5 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -1277 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -108.6 kJ/mol | -571.7 kJ/mol | -575.6 kJ/mol | -666.5 kJ/mol | H_initial = -1386 kJ/mol | | | H_final = -1814 kJ/mol | | ΔH_rxn^0 | -1814 kJ/mol - -1386 kJ/mol = -427.8 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | | | |
Gibbs free energy
| sodium hydroxide | iodine | formaldehyde | water | sodium iodide | sodium formate molecular free energy | -379.7 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -102.5 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | -286.1 kJ/mol | -599.9 kJ/mol total free energy | -1139 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -102.5 kJ/mol | -474.2 kJ/mol | -572.2 kJ/mol | -599.9 kJ/mol | G_initial = -1242 kJ/mol | | | G_final = -1646 kJ/mol | | ΔG_rxn^0 | -1646 kJ/mol - -1242 kJ/mol = -404.7 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| sodium hydroxide | iodine | formaldehyde | water | sodium iodide | sodium formate Hill formula | HNaO | I_2 | CH_2O | H_2O | INa | CHNaO_2 name | sodium hydroxide | iodine | formaldehyde | water | sodium iodide | sodium formate IUPAC name | sodium hydroxide | molecular iodine | formaldehyde | water | sodium iodide | sodium oxomethanolate