Input interpretation
water + sodium hydride ⟶ hydrogen + sodium hydroxide
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, O and Na: H: | 2 c_1 + c_2 = 2 c_3 + c_4 O: | c_1 = c_4 Na: | c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | + ⟶ +
Structures
+ ⟶ +
Names
water + sodium hydride ⟶ hydrogen + sodium hydroxide
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| water | sodium hydride | hydrogen | sodium hydroxide molecular enthalpy | -285.8 kJ/mol | -56.3 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -425.8 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -285.8 kJ/mol | -56.3 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -425.8 kJ/mol | H_initial = -342.1 kJ/mol | | H_final = -425.8 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | -425.8 kJ/mol - -342.1 kJ/mol = -83.67 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | |
Gibbs free energy
| water | sodium hydride | hydrogen | sodium hydroxide molecular free energy | -237.1 kJ/mol | -33.5 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -379.7 kJ/mol total free energy | -237.1 kJ/mol | -33.5 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -379.7 kJ/mol | G_initial = -270.6 kJ/mol | | G_final = -379.7 kJ/mol | ΔG_rxn^0 | -379.7 kJ/mol - -270.6 kJ/mol = -109.1 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | |
Entropy
| water | sodium hydride | hydrogen | sodium hydroxide molecular entropy | 69.91 J/(mol K) | 40 J/(mol K) | 115 J/(mol K) | 64 J/(mol K) total entropy | 69.91 J/(mol K) | 40 J/(mol K) | 115 J/(mol K) | 64 J/(mol K) | S_initial = 109.9 J/(mol K) | | S_final = 179 J/(mol K) | ΔS_rxn^0 | 179 J/(mol K) - 109.9 J/(mol K) = 69.09 J/(mol K) (endoentropic) | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| water | sodium hydride | hydrogen | sodium hydroxide Hill formula | H_2O | HNa | H_2 | HNaO name | water | sodium hydride | hydrogen | sodium hydroxide IUPAC name | water | sodium hydride | molecular hydrogen | sodium hydroxide
Substance properties
| water | sodium hydride | hydrogen | sodium hydroxide molar mass | 18.015 g/mol | 23.998 g/mol | 2.016 g/mol | 39.997 g/mol phase | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | solid (at STP) melting point | 0 °C | 800 °C | -259.2 °C | 323 °C boiling point | 99.9839 °C | | -252.8 °C | 1390 °C density | 1 g/cm^3 | | 8.99×10^-5 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 2.13 g/cm^3 solubility in water | | | | soluble surface tension | 0.0728 N/m | | | 0.07435 N/m dynamic viscosity | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | | 8.9×10^-6 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 0.004 Pa s (at 350 °C) odor | odorless | | odorless |
Units
