group 8 elements

group 8 elements

iron | ruthenium | osmium | hassium

Periodic table location

Images

| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration iron | Fe | 26 | [Ar]4s^23d^6 ruthenium | Ru | 44 | [Kr]5s^14d^7 osmium | Os | 76 | [Xe]6s^24f^145d^6 hassium | Hs | 108 | [Rn]7s^25f^146d^6 | Aufbau diagram | block | group iron | 3d 4s | d | 8 ruthenium | 4d 5s | d | 8 osmium | 5d 4f 6s | d | 8 hassium | 6d 5f 7s | d | 8 | period | atomic mass | half-life iron | 4 | 55.845 u | (stable) ruthenium | 5 | 101.07 u | (stable) osmium | 6 | 190.23 u | (stable) hassium | 7 | 270 u | 67 min

phase at STP | all | solid melting point | median | 2334 °C | highest | 3033 °C (osmium) | lowest | 1538 °C (iron) | distribution | boiling point | median | 4150 °C | highest | 5012 °C (osmium) | lowest | 2861 °C (iron) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 25.7 kJ/mol | highest | 31 kJ/mol (osmium) | lowest | 13.8 kJ/mol (iron) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 580 kJ/mol | highest | 630 kJ/mol (osmium) | lowest | 347 kJ/mol (iron) | distribution | specific heat at STP | median | 238 J/(kg K) | highest | 449 J/(kg K) (iron) | lowest | 130 J/(kg K) (osmium) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

density | median | 12.37 g/cm^3 | highest | 22.59 g/cm^3 (osmium) | lowest | 7.874 g/cm^3 (iron) | distribution | liquid density | median | 10.65 g/cm^3 | highest | 20 g/cm^3 (osmium) | lowest | 6.98 g/cm^3 (iron) | distribution | molar volume | median | 8.171 cm^3/mol | highest | 8.421 cm^3/mol (osmium) | lowest | 7.092 cm^3/mol (iron) Mohs hardness | median | 6.5 | highest | 7 (≈ quartz) (osmium) | lowest | 4 (≈ fluorite) (iron) | distribution | Vickers hardness | all | 608 MPa | 2300 MPa | 4140 MPa Brinell hardness | all | 490 MPa | 2160 MPa | 3920 MPa shear modulus | median | 173 GPa | highest | 222 GPa (osmium) | lowest | 82 GPa (iron) | distribution | Poisson ratio | all | 0.25 | 0.29 | 0.3 sound speed | median | 4940 m/s | highest | 5970 m/s (ruthenium) | lowest | 4910 m/s (iron) thermal expansion | median | 6.4×10^-6 K^(-1) | highest | 1.18×10^-5 K^(-1) (iron) | lowest | 5.1×10^-6 K^(-1) (osmium) | distribution | thermal conductivity | median | 88 W/(m K) | highest | 120 W/(m K) (ruthenium) | lowest | 80 W/(m K) (iron) (properties at standard conditions)

resistivity | median | 8.1×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 9.7×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) (iron) | lowest | 7.1×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) (ruthenium) | distribution | electrical conductivity | median | 1.2×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 1.4×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) (ruthenium) | lowest | 1×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) (iron) | distribution | work function | all | 4.71 eV | 5.93 eV | (4.67 to 4.81) eV

valence | median | 6 | highest | 6 (ruthenium and osmium) | lowest | 3 (iron) electronegativity | median | 2.2 | highest | 2.2 (ruthenium and osmium) | lowest | 1.83 (iron) electron affinity | median | 101.3 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 106.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (osmium) | lowest | 15.7 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (iron) first ionization energy | median | 762.5 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 840 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (osmium) | lowest | 710.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (ruthenium) | distribution |

term symbol | all | ^5D_4 | ^5F_5 atomic radius | median | 130 pm | highest | 140 pm (iron) | lowest | 130 pm (ruthenium and osmium) covalent radius | median | 144 pm | highest | 146 pm (ruthenium) | lowest | 132 pm (iron) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)