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CuSO4 + HI = H2SO4 + I2 + Cu2SO4

Input interpretation

CuSO_4 copper(II) sulfate + HI hydrogen iodide ⟶ H_2SO_4 sulfuric acid + I_2 iodine + Cu2SO4
CuSO_4 copper(II) sulfate + HI hydrogen iodide ⟶ H_2SO_4 sulfuric acid + I_2 iodine + Cu2SO4

Balanced equation

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: CuSO_4 + HI ⟶ H_2SO_4 + I_2 + Cu2SO4 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 CuSO_4 + c_2 HI ⟶ c_3 H_2SO_4 + c_4 I_2 + c_5 Cu2SO4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Cu, O, S, H and I: Cu: | c_1 = 2 c_5 O: | 4 c_1 = 4 c_3 + 4 c_5 S: | c_1 = c_3 + c_5 H: | c_2 = 2 c_3 I: | c_2 = 2 c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_3 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 2 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 c_5 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 CuSO_4 + 2 HI ⟶ H_2SO_4 + I_2 + Cu2SO4
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: CuSO_4 + HI ⟶ H_2SO_4 + I_2 + Cu2SO4 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 CuSO_4 + c_2 HI ⟶ c_3 H_2SO_4 + c_4 I_2 + c_5 Cu2SO4 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for Cu, O, S, H and I: Cu: | c_1 = 2 c_5 O: | 4 c_1 = 4 c_3 + 4 c_5 S: | c_1 = c_3 + c_5 H: | c_2 = 2 c_3 I: | c_2 = 2 c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_3 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 2 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 c_5 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 CuSO_4 + 2 HI ⟶ H_2SO_4 + I_2 + Cu2SO4

Structures

+ ⟶ + + Cu2SO4
+ ⟶ + + Cu2SO4

Names

copper(II) sulfate + hydrogen iodide ⟶ sulfuric acid + iodine + Cu2SO4
copper(II) sulfate + hydrogen iodide ⟶ sulfuric acid + iodine + Cu2SO4

Equilibrium constant

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: CuSO_4 + HI ⟶ H_2SO_4 + I_2 + Cu2SO4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 CuSO_4 + 2 HI ⟶ H_2SO_4 + I_2 + Cu2SO4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i CuSO_4 | 2 | -2 HI | 2 | -2 H_2SO_4 | 1 | 1 I_2 | 1 | 1 Cu2SO4 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression CuSO_4 | 2 | -2 | ([CuSO4])^(-2) HI | 2 | -2 | ([HI])^(-2) H_2SO_4 | 1 | 1 | [H2SO4] I_2 | 1 | 1 | [I2] Cu2SO4 | 1 | 1 | [Cu2SO4] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([CuSO4])^(-2) ([HI])^(-2) [H2SO4] [I2] [Cu2SO4] = ([H2SO4] [I2] [Cu2SO4])/(([CuSO4])^2 ([HI])^2)
Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: CuSO_4 + HI ⟶ H_2SO_4 + I_2 + Cu2SO4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 CuSO_4 + 2 HI ⟶ H_2SO_4 + I_2 + Cu2SO4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i CuSO_4 | 2 | -2 HI | 2 | -2 H_2SO_4 | 1 | 1 I_2 | 1 | 1 Cu2SO4 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression CuSO_4 | 2 | -2 | ([CuSO4])^(-2) HI | 2 | -2 | ([HI])^(-2) H_2SO_4 | 1 | 1 | [H2SO4] I_2 | 1 | 1 | [I2] Cu2SO4 | 1 | 1 | [Cu2SO4] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([CuSO4])^(-2) ([HI])^(-2) [H2SO4] [I2] [Cu2SO4] = ([H2SO4] [I2] [Cu2SO4])/(([CuSO4])^2 ([HI])^2)

Rate of reaction

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: CuSO_4 + HI ⟶ H_2SO_4 + I_2 + Cu2SO4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 CuSO_4 + 2 HI ⟶ H_2SO_4 + I_2 + Cu2SO4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i CuSO_4 | 2 | -2 HI | 2 | -2 H_2SO_4 | 1 | 1 I_2 | 1 | 1 Cu2SO4 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term CuSO_4 | 2 | -2 | -1/2 (Δ[CuSO4])/(Δt) HI | 2 | -2 | -1/2 (Δ[HI])/(Δt) H_2SO_4 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[H2SO4])/(Δt) I_2 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[I2])/(Δt) Cu2SO4 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[Cu2SO4])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/2 (Δ[CuSO4])/(Δt) = -1/2 (Δ[HI])/(Δt) = (Δ[H2SO4])/(Δt) = (Δ[I2])/(Δt) = (Δ[Cu2SO4])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Construct the rate of reaction expression for: CuSO_4 + HI ⟶ H_2SO_4 + I_2 + Cu2SO4 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 2 CuSO_4 + 2 HI ⟶ H_2SO_4 + I_2 + Cu2SO4 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i CuSO_4 | 2 | -2 HI | 2 | -2 H_2SO_4 | 1 | 1 I_2 | 1 | 1 Cu2SO4 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term CuSO_4 | 2 | -2 | -1/2 (Δ[CuSO4])/(Δt) HI | 2 | -2 | -1/2 (Δ[HI])/(Δt) H_2SO_4 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[H2SO4])/(Δt) I_2 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[I2])/(Δt) Cu2SO4 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[Cu2SO4])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/2 (Δ[CuSO4])/(Δt) = -1/2 (Δ[HI])/(Δt) = (Δ[H2SO4])/(Δt) = (Δ[I2])/(Δt) = (Δ[Cu2SO4])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

Chemical names and formulas

| copper(II) sulfate | hydrogen iodide | sulfuric acid | iodine | Cu2SO4 formula | CuSO_4 | HI | H_2SO_4 | I_2 | Cu2SO4 Hill formula | CuO_4S | HI | H_2O_4S | I_2 | Cu2O4S name | copper(II) sulfate | hydrogen iodide | sulfuric acid | iodine | IUPAC name | copper sulfate | hydrogen iodide | sulfuric acid | molecular iodine |
| copper(II) sulfate | hydrogen iodide | sulfuric acid | iodine | Cu2SO4 formula | CuSO_4 | HI | H_2SO_4 | I_2 | Cu2SO4 Hill formula | CuO_4S | HI | H_2O_4S | I_2 | Cu2O4S name | copper(II) sulfate | hydrogen iodide | sulfuric acid | iodine | IUPAC name | copper sulfate | hydrogen iodide | sulfuric acid | molecular iodine |

Substance properties

| copper(II) sulfate | hydrogen iodide | sulfuric acid | iodine | Cu2SO4 molar mass | 159.6 g/mol | 127.912 g/mol | 98.07 g/mol | 253.80894 g/mol | 223.15 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | melting point | 200 °C | -50.76 °C | 10.371 °C | 113 °C | boiling point | | -35.55 °C | 279.6 °C | 184 °C | density | 3.603 g/cm^3 | 0.005228 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 1.8305 g/cm^3 | 4.94 g/cm^3 | solubility in water | | very soluble | very soluble | | surface tension | | | 0.0735 N/m | | dynamic viscosity | | 0.001321 Pa s (at -39 °C) | 0.021 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 0.00227 Pa s (at 116 °C) | odor | | | odorless | |
| copper(II) sulfate | hydrogen iodide | sulfuric acid | iodine | Cu2SO4 molar mass | 159.6 g/mol | 127.912 g/mol | 98.07 g/mol | 253.80894 g/mol | 223.15 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | gas (at STP) | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | melting point | 200 °C | -50.76 °C | 10.371 °C | 113 °C | boiling point | | -35.55 °C | 279.6 °C | 184 °C | density | 3.603 g/cm^3 | 0.005228 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) | 1.8305 g/cm^3 | 4.94 g/cm^3 | solubility in water | | very soluble | very soluble | | surface tension | | | 0.0735 N/m | | dynamic viscosity | | 0.001321 Pa s (at -39 °C) | 0.021 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 0.00227 Pa s (at 116 °C) | odor | | | odorless | |

Units

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