Input interpretation
potassium permanganate + ammonia ⟶ water + potassium hydroxide + manganese dioxide + potassium nitrate
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ + + + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 + c_4 + c_5 + c_6 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for K, Mn, O, H and N: K: | c_1 = c_4 + c_6 Mn: | c_1 = c_5 O: | 4 c_1 = c_3 + c_4 + 2 c_5 + 3 c_6 H: | 3 c_2 = 2 c_3 + c_4 N: | c_2 = c_6 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_3 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 4 c_2 = 3/2 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 5/2 c_5 = 4 c_6 = 3/2 Multiply by the least common denominator, 2, to eliminate fractional coefficients: c_1 = 8 c_2 = 3 c_3 = 2 c_4 = 5 c_5 = 8 c_6 = 3 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 8 + 3 ⟶ 2 + 5 + 8 + 3
Structures
+ ⟶ + + +
Names
potassium permanganate + ammonia ⟶ water + potassium hydroxide + manganese dioxide + potassium nitrate
Reaction thermodynamics
Gibbs free energy
| potassium permanganate | ammonia | water | potassium hydroxide | manganese dioxide | potassium nitrate molecular free energy | -737.6 kJ/mol | -16.4 kJ/mol | -237.1 kJ/mol | -379.4 kJ/mol | -465.1 kJ/mol | -394.9 kJ/mol total free energy | -5901 kJ/mol | -49.2 kJ/mol | -474.2 kJ/mol | -1897 kJ/mol | -3721 kJ/mol | -1185 kJ/mol | G_initial = -5950 kJ/mol | | G_final = -7277 kJ/mol | | | ΔG_rxn^0 | -7277 kJ/mol - -5950 kJ/mol = -1327 kJ/mol (exergonic) | | | | |
Chemical names and formulas
| potassium permanganate | ammonia | water | potassium hydroxide | manganese dioxide | potassium nitrate Hill formula | KMnO_4 | H_3N | H_2O | HKO | MnO_2 | KNO_3 name | potassium permanganate | ammonia | water | potassium hydroxide | manganese dioxide | potassium nitrate IUPAC name | potassium permanganate | ammonia | water | potassium hydroxide | dioxomanganese | potassium nitrate