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magnesium

Input interpretation

magnesium (chemical element)
magnesium (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Periodic table location
Periodic table location

Image

Image
Image

Basic elemental properties

atomic symbol | Mg atomic number | 12 short electronic configuration | [Ne]3s^2 Aufbau diagram | 3s block | s group | 2 period | 3 atomic mass | 24.305 u (unified atomic mass units)
atomic symbol | Mg atomic number | 12 short electronic configuration | [Ne]3s^2 Aufbau diagram | 3s block | s group | 2 period | 3 atomic mass | 24.305 u (unified atomic mass units)

Thermodynamic properties

phase at STP | solid melting point | 650 °C (rank: 66th) boiling point | 1090 °C (rank: 68th) molar heat of fusion | 8.7 kJ/mol (rank: 50th) molar heat of vaporization | 128 kJ/mol (rank: 64th) specific heat at STP | 1020 J/(kg K) (rank: 9th) (properties at standard conditions)
phase at STP | solid melting point | 650 °C (rank: 66th) boiling point | 1090 °C (rank: 68th) molar heat of fusion | 8.7 kJ/mol (rank: 50th) molar heat of vaporization | 128 kJ/mol (rank: 64th) specific heat at STP | 1020 J/(kg K) (rank: 9th) (properties at standard conditions)

Material properties

density | 1.738 g/cm^3 (rank: 80th) liquid density | 1.584 g/cm^3 molar volume | 13.98 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 2.5 (between gypsum and calcite) Brinell hardness | 260 MPa (rank: 43rd) bulk modulus | 45 GPa (rank: 34th) shear modulus | 17 GPa Young's modulus | 45 GPa (rank: 44th) Poisson ratio | 0.29 (rank: 25th) sound speed | 4602 m/s (rank: 19th) thermal expansion | 2.5×10^-5 K^(-1) (rank: 12th) thermal conductivity | 160 W/(m K) (rank: 8th) (properties at standard conditions)
density | 1.738 g/cm^3 (rank: 80th) liquid density | 1.584 g/cm^3 molar volume | 13.98 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 2.5 (between gypsum and calcite) Brinell hardness | 260 MPa (rank: 43rd) bulk modulus | 45 GPa (rank: 34th) shear modulus | 17 GPa Young's modulus | 45 GPa (rank: 44th) Poisson ratio | 0.29 (rank: 25th) sound speed | 4602 m/s (rank: 19th) thermal expansion | 2.5×10^-5 K^(-1) (rank: 12th) thermal conductivity | 160 W/(m K) (rank: 8th) (properties at standard conditions)

Electromagnetic properties

electrical type | conductor resistivity | 4.4×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 2.3×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | paramagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | 1.2×10^-5 mass magnetic susceptibility | 6.9×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | 1.68×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | 3.66 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | 8.85×10^14 Hz (hertz) color | (silver)
electrical type | conductor resistivity | 4.4×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 2.3×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | paramagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | 1.2×10^-5 mass magnetic susceptibility | 6.9×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | 1.68×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | 3.66 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | 8.85×10^14 Hz (hertz) color | (silver)

Reactivity

valence | 2 electronegativity | 1.31 electron affinity | 0 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 737.7 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 737.7 kJ/mol | 1450.7 kJ/mol | 7732.7 kJ/mol | 10542.5 kJ/mol | 13630 kJ/mol | 18020 kJ/mol | 21711 kJ/mol | 25661 kJ/mol | 31653 kJ/mol | 35458 kJ/mol
valence | 2 electronegativity | 1.31 electron affinity | 0 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 737.7 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 737.7 kJ/mol | 1450.7 kJ/mol | 7732.7 kJ/mol | 10542.5 kJ/mol | 13630 kJ/mol | 18020 kJ/mol | 21711 kJ/mol | 25661 kJ/mol | 31653 kJ/mol | 35458 kJ/mol
Reactivity
Reactivity

Atomic properties

term symbol | ^1S_0 atomic radius | 150 pm covalent radius | 141 pm van der Waals radius | 173 pm (electronic ground state properties)
term symbol | ^1S_0 atomic radius | 150 pm covalent radius | 141 pm van der Waals radius | 173 pm (electronic ground state properties)
(neutral magnesium atomic spectrum)
(neutral magnesium atomic spectrum)

Abundances

universe abundance | 0.06 mass% (rank: 9th) solar abundance | 0.07 mass% (rank: 9th) meteorite abundance | 12 mass% (rank: 4th) crust abundance | 2.9 mass% (rank: 6th) ocean abundance | 0.13 mass% (rank: 5th) human abundance | 0.027 mass% (rank: 11th) universe molar abundance | 0.003 mol% (rank: 7th) solar molar abundance | 0.003 mol% (rank: 8th) meteorite molar abundance | 10 mol% (rank: 3rd) ocean molar abundance | 0.034 mol% (rank: 5th) crust molar abundance | 2.5 mol% (rank: 6th) human molar abundance | 0.007 mol% (rank: 11th)
universe abundance | 0.06 mass% (rank: 9th) solar abundance | 0.07 mass% (rank: 9th) meteorite abundance | 12 mass% (rank: 4th) crust abundance | 2.9 mass% (rank: 6th) ocean abundance | 0.13 mass% (rank: 5th) human abundance | 0.027 mass% (rank: 11th) universe molar abundance | 0.003 mol% (rank: 7th) solar molar abundance | 0.003 mol% (rank: 8th) meteorite molar abundance | 10 mol% (rank: 3rd) ocean molar abundance | 0.034 mol% (rank: 5th) crust molar abundance | 2.5 mol% (rank: 6th) human molar abundance | 0.007 mol% (rank: 11th)

Nuclear properties

half-life | (stable) stable isotopes | Mg-24 (78.99%) | Mg-26 (11.01%) | Mg-25 (10%) nuclear spin | Mg-19: 1/2^- | Mg-20: 0^+ | Mg-21: 5/2^+ | Mg-22: 0^+ | Mg-23: 3/2^+ | Mg-24: 0^+ | Mg-25: 5/2^+ | Mg-26: 0^+ | Mg-27: 1/2^+ | Mg-28: 0^+ | Mg-29: 3/2^+ | Mg-30: 0^+ | Mg-31: 1/2^+ | Mg-32: 0^+ | Mg-33: 3/2^+ | Mg-34: 0^+ | Mg-35: 7/2^- | Mg-36: 0^+ | Mg-37: 7/2^- | Mg-38: 0^+ | Mg-39: 7/2^- | Mg-40: 0^+ unstable isotopes | Mg-28 (20.915 h) | Mg-27 (9.458 min) | Mg-23 (11.317 s) | Mg-22 (3.8755 s) | Mg-29 (1.3 s) | Mg-30 (335 ms) | Mg-31 (232 ms) | Mg-21 (122 ms) | Mg-33 (90.5 ms) | Mg-20 (90 ms) | Mg-32 (86 ms) | Mg-35 (70 ms) | Mg-34 (20 ms) | Mg-36 (3.9 ms) | Mg-38 (260 ns) | Mg-37 (260 ns) | Mg-39 (180 ns) | Mg-40 (170 ns) neutron cross-section | 0.063 b neutron mass absorption | 1×10^-4 m^2/kg
half-life | (stable) stable isotopes | Mg-24 (78.99%) | Mg-26 (11.01%) | Mg-25 (10%) nuclear spin | Mg-19: 1/2^- | Mg-20: 0^+ | Mg-21: 5/2^+ | Mg-22: 0^+ | Mg-23: 3/2^+ | Mg-24: 0^+ | Mg-25: 5/2^+ | Mg-26: 0^+ | Mg-27: 1/2^+ | Mg-28: 0^+ | Mg-29: 3/2^+ | Mg-30: 0^+ | Mg-31: 1/2^+ | Mg-32: 0^+ | Mg-33: 3/2^+ | Mg-34: 0^+ | Mg-35: 7/2^- | Mg-36: 0^+ | Mg-37: 7/2^- | Mg-38: 0^+ | Mg-39: 7/2^- | Mg-40: 0^+ unstable isotopes | Mg-28 (20.915 h) | Mg-27 (9.458 min) | Mg-23 (11.317 s) | Mg-22 (3.8755 s) | Mg-29 (1.3 s) | Mg-30 (335 ms) | Mg-31 (232 ms) | Mg-21 (122 ms) | Mg-33 (90.5 ms) | Mg-20 (90 ms) | Mg-32 (86 ms) | Mg-35 (70 ms) | Mg-34 (20 ms) | Mg-36 (3.9 ms) | Mg-38 (260 ns) | Mg-37 (260 ns) | Mg-39 (180 ns) | Mg-40 (170 ns) neutron cross-section | 0.063 b neutron mass absorption | 1×10^-4 m^2/kg

Identifiers

CAS number | 7439-95-4 PubChem CID number | 5462224
CAS number | 7439-95-4 PubChem CID number | 5462224

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