Input interpretation
oxygen + nitrogen ⟶ nitrogen dioxide
Balanced equation
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + ⟶ Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 ⟶ c_3 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for O and N: O: | 2 c_1 = 2 c_3 N: | 2 c_2 = c_3 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 2 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 2 + ⟶ 2
Structures
+ ⟶
Names
oxygen + nitrogen ⟶ nitrogen dioxide
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
| oxygen | nitrogen | nitrogen dioxide molecular enthalpy | 0 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | 33.2 kJ/mol total enthalpy | 0 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | 66.4 kJ/mol | H_initial = 0 kJ/mol | | H_final = 66.4 kJ/mol ΔH_rxn^0 | 66.4 kJ/mol - 0 kJ/mol = 66.4 kJ/mol (endothermic) | |
Gibbs free energy
| oxygen | nitrogen | nitrogen dioxide molecular free energy | 231.7 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | 51.3 kJ/mol total free energy | 463.4 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | 102.6 kJ/mol | G_initial = 463.4 kJ/mol | | G_final = 102.6 kJ/mol ΔG_rxn^0 | 102.6 kJ/mol - 463.4 kJ/mol = -360.8 kJ/mol (exergonic) | |
Entropy
| oxygen | nitrogen | nitrogen dioxide molecular entropy | 205 J/(mol K) | 192 J/(mol K) | 240 J/(mol K) total entropy | 410 J/(mol K) | 192 J/(mol K) | 480 J/(mol K) | S_initial = 602 J/(mol K) | | S_final = 480 J/(mol K) ΔS_rxn^0 | 480 J/(mol K) - 602 J/(mol K) = -122 J/(mol K) (exoentropic) | |
Chemical names and formulas
| oxygen | nitrogen | nitrogen dioxide Hill formula | O_2 | N_2 | NO_2 name | oxygen | nitrogen | nitrogen dioxide IUPAC name | molecular oxygen | molecular nitrogen | Nitrogen dioxide
Substance properties
| oxygen | nitrogen | nitrogen dioxide molar mass | 31.998 g/mol | 28.014 g/mol | 46.005 g/mol phase | gas (at STP) | gas (at STP) | gas (at STP) melting point | -218 °C | -210 °C | -11 °C boiling point | -183 °C | -195.79 °C | 21 °C density | 0.001429 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 0.001251 g/cm^3 (at 0 °C) | 0.00188 g/cm^3 (at 25 °C) solubility in water | | insoluble | reacts surface tension | 0.01347 N/m | 0.0066 N/m | dynamic viscosity | 2.055×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 1.78×10^-5 Pa s (at 25 °C) | 4.02×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) odor | odorless | odorless |
Units
