Input interpretation
![water + bromine + red phosphorus ⟶ hydrogen bromide + phosphorous acid](../image_source/c9106d5a84162525fb9a8eb3e2a3f301.png)
water + bromine + red phosphorus ⟶ hydrogen bromide + phosphorous acid
Balanced equation
![Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 + c_3 ⟶ c_4 + c_5 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, O, Br and P: H: | 2 c_1 = c_4 + 3 c_5 O: | c_1 = 3 c_5 Br: | 2 c_2 = c_4 P: | c_3 = c_5 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_3 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 3 c_2 = 3/2 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 3 c_5 = 1 Multiply by the least common denominator, 2, to eliminate fractional coefficients: c_1 = 6 c_2 = 3 c_3 = 2 c_4 = 6 c_5 = 2 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 6 + 3 + 2 ⟶ 6 + 2](../image_source/e7707edd7df58f418b4c313e5fc074ef.png)
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: + + ⟶ + Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 + c_2 + c_3 ⟶ c_4 + c_5 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, O, Br and P: H: | 2 c_1 = c_4 + 3 c_5 O: | c_1 = 3 c_5 Br: | 2 c_2 = c_4 P: | c_3 = c_5 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_3 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 3 c_2 = 3/2 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 3 c_5 = 1 Multiply by the least common denominator, 2, to eliminate fractional coefficients: c_1 = 6 c_2 = 3 c_3 = 2 c_4 = 6 c_5 = 2 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 6 + 3 + 2 ⟶ 6 + 2
Structures
![+ + ⟶ +](../image_source/52930eeb7a218acb7dcb8667ec267993.png)
+ + ⟶ +
Names
![water + bromine + red phosphorus ⟶ hydrogen bromide + phosphorous acid](../image_source/7bb2bc968367f5946d7577c5ec4c3117.png)
water + bromine + red phosphorus ⟶ hydrogen bromide + phosphorous acid
Reaction thermodynamics
Enthalpy
![| water | bromine | red phosphorus | hydrogen bromide | phosphorous acid molecular enthalpy | -285.8 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -17.6 kJ/mol | -36.3 kJ/mol | -964.4 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -1715 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -35.2 kJ/mol | -217.8 kJ/mol | -1929 kJ/mol | H_initial = -1750 kJ/mol | | | H_final = -2147 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | -2147 kJ/mol - -1750 kJ/mol = -396.4 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | | |](../image_source/00aadd02d43a06ae1c43be6c8dc998c7.png)
| water | bromine | red phosphorus | hydrogen bromide | phosphorous acid molecular enthalpy | -285.8 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -17.6 kJ/mol | -36.3 kJ/mol | -964.4 kJ/mol total enthalpy | -1715 kJ/mol | 0 kJ/mol | -35.2 kJ/mol | -217.8 kJ/mol | -1929 kJ/mol | H_initial = -1750 kJ/mol | | | H_final = -2147 kJ/mol | ΔH_rxn^0 | -2147 kJ/mol - -1750 kJ/mol = -396.4 kJ/mol (exothermic) | | | |
Chemical names and formulas
![| water | bromine | red phosphorus | hydrogen bromide | phosphorous acid Hill formula | H_2O | Br_2 | P | BrH | H_3O_3P name | water | bromine | red phosphorus | hydrogen bromide | phosphorous acid IUPAC name | water | molecular bromine | phosphorus | hydrogen bromide | phosphorous acid](../image_source/aa77d215c8d8d82f775cd9d1bac93693.png)
| water | bromine | red phosphorus | hydrogen bromide | phosphorous acid Hill formula | H_2O | Br_2 | P | BrH | H_3O_3P name | water | bromine | red phosphorus | hydrogen bromide | phosphorous acid IUPAC name | water | molecular bromine | phosphorus | hydrogen bromide | phosphorous acid