vanadium vs krypton vs copper vs zinc

vanadium (chemical element) | krypton (chemical element) | copper (chemical element) | zinc (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration vanadium | V | 23 | [Ar]4s^23d^3 krypton | Kr | 36 | [Ar]4s^23d^104p^6 copper | Cu | 29 | [Ar]4s^13d^10 zinc | Zn | 30 | [Ar]4s^23d^10 | Aufbau diagram | block | group vanadium | 3d 4s | d | 5 krypton | 4p 3d 4s | p | 18 copper | 3d 4s | d | 11 zinc | 3d 4s | d | 12 | period | atomic mass | half-life vanadium | 4 | 50.9415 u | (stable) krypton | 4 | 83.798 u | (stable) copper | 4 | 63.546 u | (stable) zinc | 4 | 65.38 u | (stable)

phase at STP | all | gas | solid melting point | median | 752.08 °C | highest | 1910 °C (vanadium) | lowest | -157.36 °C (krypton) | distribution | boiling point | median | 1735 °C | highest | 3407 °C (vanadium) | lowest | -153.22 °C (krypton) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 10.2 kJ/mol | highest | 22.8 kJ/mol (vanadium) | lowest | 1.64 kJ/mol (krypton) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 210 kJ/mol | highest | 453 kJ/mol (vanadium) | lowest | 9.02 kJ/mol (krypton) | distribution | specific heat at STP | median | 386 J/(kg K) | highest | 489 J/(kg K) (vanadium) | lowest | 248.05 J/(kg K) (krypton) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

density | median | 6.625 g/cm^3 | highest | 8.96 g/cm^3 (copper) | lowest | 0.00375 g/cm^3 (krypton) | distribution | liquid density | median | 6.57 g/cm^3 | highest | 8.02 g/cm^3 (copper) | lowest | 5.5 g/cm^3 (vanadium) | distribution | molar volume | median | 8.75 cm^3/mol | highest | 22300 cm^3/mol (krypton) | lowest | 7.092 cm^3/mol (copper) Mohs hardness | median | 3 | highest | 7 (≈ quartz) (vanadium) | lowest | 2.5 (between gypsum and calcite) (zinc) Vickers hardness | all | 369 MPa | 628 MPa Brinell hardness | all | 412 MPa | 628 MPa | 874 MPa bulk modulus | median | 140 GPa | highest | 160 GPa (vanadium) | lowest | 70 GPa (zinc) | distribution | shear modulus | median | 47 GPa | highest | 48 GPa (copper) | lowest | 43 GPa (zinc) | distribution | Young's modulus | median | 128 GPa | highest | 130 GPa (copper) | lowest | 108 GPa (zinc) | distribution | Poisson ratio | all | 0.25 | 0.34 | 0.37 ultimate tensile strength | all | 37 MPa sound speed | median | 3600 m/s | highest | 4560 m/s (vanadium) | lowest | 1120 m/s (krypton) | distribution | thermal expansion | median | 1.65×10^-5 K^(-1) | highest | 3.02×10^-5 K^(-1) (zinc) | lowest | 8.4×10^-6 K^(-1) (vanadium) | distribution | thermal conductivity | median | 75 W/(m K) | highest | 400 W/(m K) (copper) | lowest | 0.00943 W/(m K) (krypton) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

resistivity | median | 5.9×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 2×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) (vanadium) | lowest | 1.7×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) (copper) | distribution | electrical conductivity | median | 1.7×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 5.9×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) (copper) | lowest | 5×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) (vanadium) volume magnetic susceptibility | median | -4.82×10^-6 | highest | 3.837×10^-4 (vanadium) | lowest | -1.58×10^-5 (zinc) mass magnetic susceptibility | median | -1.65×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | highest | 6.28×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (vanadium) | lowest | -4.4×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (krypton) molar magnetic susceptibility | median | -1.07×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | highest | 3.199×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (vanadium) | lowest | -3.69×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (krypton) work function | all | 4.3 eV | (3.63 to 4.9) eV | (4.48 to 5.1) eV

valence | median | 2 | highest | 5 (vanadium) | lowest | 2 (3 elements) electronegativity | median | 1.78 | highest | 3 (krypton) | lowest | 1.63 (vanadium) electron affinity | median | 25.3 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 118.4 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (copper) | lowest | 0 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (krypton and zinc) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 825.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 1350.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (krypton) | lowest | 650.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (vanadium) | distribution |

term symbol | all | ^1S_0 | ^2S_(1/2) | ^4F_(3/2) atomic radius | median | 135 pm | highest | 135 pm (3 elements) | lowest | 88 pm (krypton) covalent radius | median | 127 pm | highest | 153 pm (vanadium) | lowest | 116 pm (krypton) | distribution | van der Waals radius | median | 140 pm | highest | 202 pm (krypton) | lowest | 139 pm (zinc) | distribution | (electronic ground state properties)

universe abundance | median | 1.8×10^-5 mass% | highest | 1×10^-4 mass% (vanadium) | lowest | 4×10^-6 mass% (krypton) | distribution | solar abundance | median | 7×10^-5 mass% | highest | 2×10^-4 mass% (zinc) | lowest | 4×10^-5 mass% (vanadium) meteorite abundance | median | 0.011 mass% | highest | 0.018 mass% (zinc) | lowest | 0.0061 mass% (vanadium) | distribution | crust abundance | median | 0.0073 mass% | highest | 0.019 mass% (vanadium) | lowest | 1.5×10^-8 mass% (krypton) | distribution | ocean abundance | median | 2.3×10^-7 mass% | highest | 5×10^-7 mass% (zinc) | lowest | 2.1×10^-8 mass% (krypton) | distribution | human abundance | median | 1×10^-4 mass% | highest | 0.0033 mass% (zinc) | lowest | 3×10^-6 mass% (vanadium) universe molar abundance | median | 3.5×10^-7 mol% | highest | 2×10^-6 mol% (vanadium) | lowest | 6×10^-8 mol% (krypton) | distribution | solar molar abundance | median | 9.9×10^-7 mol% | highest | 3×10^-6 mol% (zinc) | lowest | 9×10^-7 mol% (vanadium) meteorite molar abundance | median | 0.0031 mol% | highest | 0.0044 mol% (zinc) | lowest | 0.0023 mol% (vanadium) | distribution | ocean molar abundance | median | 2.4×10^-8 mol% | highest | 4.7×10^-8 mol% (zinc) | lowest | 1.6×10^-9 mol% (krypton) | distribution | crust molar abundance | median | 0.0023 mol% | highest | 0.0075 mol% (vanadium) | lowest | 4×10^-9 mol% (krypton) human molar abundance | median | 9.9×10^-6 mol% | highest | 3.2×10^-4 mol% (zinc) | lowest | 4×10^-7 mol% (vanadium)