gallium vs chromium vs manganese vs calcium

gallium (chemical element) | chromium (chemical element) | manganese (chemical element) | calcium (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Images

| atomic symbol | atomic number | short electronic configuration gallium | Ga | 31 | [Ar]4s^23d^104p^1 chromium | Cr | 24 | [Ar]4s^13d^5 manganese | Mn | 25 | [Ar]4s^23d^5 calcium | Ca | 20 | [Ar]4s^2 | Aufbau diagram | block | group gallium | 4p 3d 4s | p | 13 chromium | 3d 4s | d | 6 manganese | 3d 4s | d | 7 calcium | 4s | s | 2 | period | atomic mass | half-life gallium | 4 | 69.723 u | (stable) chromium | 4 | 51.9961 u | (stable) manganese | 4 | 54.938044 u | (stable) calcium | 4 | 40.078 u | (stable)

phase at STP | all | solid melting point | median | 1044 °C | highest | 1907 °C (chromium) | lowest | 29.76 °C (gallium) | distribution | boiling point | median | 2132 °C | highest | 2671 °C (chromium) | lowest | 1484 °C (calcium) | distribution | molar heat of fusion | median | 10.9 kJ/mol | highest | 20.5 kJ/mol (chromium) | lowest | 5.59 kJ/mol (gallium) | distribution | molar heat of vaporization | median | 238 kJ/mol | highest | 339 kJ/mol (chromium) | lowest | 155 kJ/mol (calcium) | distribution | specific heat at STP | median | 463 J/(kg K) | highest | 631 J/(kg K) (calcium) | lowest | 371 J/(kg K) (gallium) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

density | median | 6.547 g/cm^3 | highest | 7.47 g/cm^3 (manganese) | lowest | 1.55 g/cm^3 (calcium) | distribution | liquid density | median | 6.023 g/cm^3 | highest | 6.3 g/cm^3 (chromium) | lowest | 1.378 g/cm^3 (calcium) | distribution | molar volume | median | 9.58 cm^3/mol | highest | 25.86 cm^3/mol (calcium) | lowest | 7.232 cm^3/mol (chromium) | distribution | Mohs hardness | median | 3.9 | highest | 8.5 (between topaz and corundum) (chromium) | lowest | 1.5 (between talc and gypsum) (gallium) | distribution | Vickers hardness | all | 1060 MPa Brinell hardness | all | 60 MPa | 167 MPa | 196 MPa | 1120 MPa bulk modulus | median | 120 GPa | highest | 160 GPa (chromium) | lowest | 17 GPa (calcium) | distribution | Young's modulus | median | 198 GPa | highest | 279 GPa (chromium) | lowest | 20 GPa (calcium) | distribution | Poisson ratio | all | 0.21 | 0.31 ultimate tensile strength | all | 496 MPa sound speed | median | 4480 m/s | highest | 5940 m/s (chromium) | lowest | 2740 m/s (gallium) | distribution | thermal expansion | median | 2.2×10^-5 K^(-1) | highest | 1.2×10^-4 K^(-1) (gallium) | lowest | 4.9×10^-6 K^(-1) (chromium) thermal conductivity | median | 62 W/(m K) | highest | 200 W/(m K) (calcium) | lowest | 7.8 W/(m K) (manganese) | distribution | (properties at standard conditions)

resistivity | median | 1.3×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) | highest | 1.6×10^-6 Ω m (ohm meters) (manganese) | lowest | 3.4×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) (calcium) electrical conductivity | median | 7.5×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) | highest | 2.9×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) (calcium) | lowest | 620000 S/m (siemens per meter) (manganese) volume magnetic susceptibility | median | 1.695×10^-4 | highest | 9.0387×10^-4 (manganese) | lowest | -1.77×10^-5 (gallium) | distribution | mass magnetic susceptibility | median | 2.915×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | highest | 1.21×10^-7 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (manganese) | lowest | -3×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) (gallium) | distribution | molar magnetic susceptibility | median | 1.434×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | highest | 6.6475×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (manganese) | lowest | -2.09×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) (gallium) | distribution | work function | all | 2.87 eV | 4.1 eV | 4.32 eV | 4.5 eV

valence | median | 3.5 | highest | 6 (chromium) | lowest | 2 (calcium) | distribution | electronegativity | median | 1.6 | highest | 1.81 (gallium) | lowest | 1 (calcium) | distribution | electron affinity | median | 15.6 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 64.3 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (chromium) | lowest | 0 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (manganese) | distribution | first ionization energy | median | 621.4 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | highest | 717.3 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (manganese) | lowest | 578.8 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) (gallium) | distribution |

term symbol | all | ^1S_0 | ^2P_(1/2) | ^6S_(5/2) | ^7S_3 atomic radius | median | 140 pm | highest | 180 pm (calcium) | lowest | 130 pm (gallium) | distribution | covalent radius | median | 139 pm | highest | 176 pm (calcium) | lowest | 122 pm (gallium) (electronic ground state properties)

universe abundance | median | 0.0012 mass% | highest | 0.007 mass% (calcium) | lowest | 1×10^-6 mass% (gallium) solar abundance | median | 0.0015 mass% | highest | 0.007 mass% (calcium) | lowest | 4×10^-6 mass% (gallium) meteorite abundance | median | 0.28 mass% | highest | 1.1 mass% (calcium) | lowest | 7.6×10^-4 mass% (gallium) | distribution | crust abundance | median | 0.062 mass% | highest | 5 mass% (calcium) | lowest | 0.0019 mass% (gallium) ocean abundance | median | 1.3×10^-7 mass% | highest | 4.2×10^-4 mass% (calcium) | lowest | 3×10^-9 mass% (gallium) human abundance | median | 2×10^-5 mass% | highest | 1.4 mass% (calcium) | lowest | 3×10^-6 mass% (chromium) universe molar abundance | median | 3×10^-5 mol% | highest | 2×10^-4 mol% (calcium) | lowest | 2×10^-8 mol% (gallium) solar molar abundance | median | 3×10^-5 mol% | highest | 2×10^-4 mol% (calcium) | lowest | 6×10^-8 mol% (gallium) meteorite molar abundance | median | 0.11 mol% | highest | 0.52 mol% (calcium) | lowest | 2×10^-4 mol% (gallium) ocean molar abundance | median | 1.5×10^-8 mol% | highest | 6.5×10^-5 mol% (calcium) | lowest | 2.7×10^-10 mol% (gallium) crust molar abundance | median | 0.024 mol% | highest | 2.6 mol% (calcium) | lowest | 5.5×10^-4 mol% (gallium) human molar abundance | median | 2.3×10^-6 mol% | highest | 0.22 mol% (calcium) | lowest | 4×10^-7 mol% (chromium)