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NaOH + [CH3NH3]Cl = H2O + NaCl + CH3NH2

Input interpretation

NaOH sodium hydroxide + CH3NH3Cl ⟶ H_2O water + NaCl sodium chloride + CH_3NH_2 methylamine
NaOH sodium hydroxide + CH3NH3Cl ⟶ H_2O water + NaCl sodium chloride + CH_3NH_2 methylamine

Balanced equation

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: NaOH + CH3NH3Cl ⟶ H_2O + NaCl + CH_3NH_2 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 NaOH + c_2 CH3NH3Cl ⟶ c_3 H_2O + c_4 NaCl + c_5 CH_3NH_2 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, Na, O, C, N and Cl: H: | c_1 + 6 c_2 = 2 c_3 + 5 c_5 Na: | c_1 = c_4 O: | c_1 = c_3 C: | c_2 = c_5 N: | c_2 = c_5 Cl: | c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 c_5 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | NaOH + CH3NH3Cl ⟶ H_2O + NaCl + CH_3NH_2
Balance the chemical equation algebraically: NaOH + CH3NH3Cl ⟶ H_2O + NaCl + CH_3NH_2 Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 NaOH + c_2 CH3NH3Cl ⟶ c_3 H_2O + c_4 NaCl + c_5 CH_3NH_2 Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for H, Na, O, C, N and Cl: H: | c_1 + 6 c_2 = 2 c_3 + 5 c_5 Na: | c_1 = c_4 O: | c_1 = c_3 C: | c_2 = c_5 N: | c_2 = c_5 Cl: | c_2 = c_4 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_1 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 1 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 1 c_4 = 1 c_5 = 1 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | NaOH + CH3NH3Cl ⟶ H_2O + NaCl + CH_3NH_2

Structures

+ CH3NH3Cl ⟶ + +
+ CH3NH3Cl ⟶ + +

Names

sodium hydroxide + CH3NH3Cl ⟶ water + sodium chloride + methylamine
sodium hydroxide + CH3NH3Cl ⟶ water + sodium chloride + methylamine

Equilibrium constant

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: NaOH + CH3NH3Cl ⟶ H_2O + NaCl + CH_3NH_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: NaOH + CH3NH3Cl ⟶ H_2O + NaCl + CH_3NH_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i NaOH | 1 | -1 CH3NH3Cl | 1 | -1 H_2O | 1 | 1 NaCl | 1 | 1 CH_3NH_2 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression NaOH | 1 | -1 | ([NaOH])^(-1) CH3NH3Cl | 1 | -1 | ([CH3NH3Cl])^(-1) H_2O | 1 | 1 | [H2O] NaCl | 1 | 1 | [NaCl] CH_3NH_2 | 1 | 1 | [CH3NH2] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([NaOH])^(-1) ([CH3NH3Cl])^(-1) [H2O] [NaCl] [CH3NH2] = ([H2O] [NaCl] [CH3NH2])/([NaOH] [CH3NH3Cl])
Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: NaOH + CH3NH3Cl ⟶ H_2O + NaCl + CH_3NH_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: NaOH + CH3NH3Cl ⟶ H_2O + NaCl + CH_3NH_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i NaOH | 1 | -1 CH3NH3Cl | 1 | -1 H_2O | 1 | 1 NaCl | 1 | 1 CH_3NH_2 | 1 | 1 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression NaOH | 1 | -1 | ([NaOH])^(-1) CH3NH3Cl | 1 | -1 | ([CH3NH3Cl])^(-1) H_2O | 1 | 1 | [H2O] NaCl | 1 | 1 | [NaCl] CH_3NH_2 | 1 | 1 | [CH3NH2] The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([NaOH])^(-1) ([CH3NH3Cl])^(-1) [H2O] [NaCl] [CH3NH2] = ([H2O] [NaCl] [CH3NH2])/([NaOH] [CH3NH3Cl])

Rate of reaction

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: NaOH + CH3NH3Cl ⟶ H_2O + NaCl + CH_3NH_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: NaOH + CH3NH3Cl ⟶ H_2O + NaCl + CH_3NH_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i NaOH | 1 | -1 CH3NH3Cl | 1 | -1 H_2O | 1 | 1 NaCl | 1 | 1 CH_3NH_2 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term NaOH | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[NaOH])/(Δt) CH3NH3Cl | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[CH3NH3Cl])/(Δt) H_2O | 1 | 1 | (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) NaCl | 1 | 1 | (Δ[NaCl])/(Δt) CH_3NH_2 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[CH3NH2])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -(Δ[NaOH])/(Δt) = -(Δ[CH3NH3Cl])/(Δt) = (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = (Δ[NaCl])/(Δt) = (Δ[CH3NH2])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)
Construct the rate of reaction expression for: NaOH + CH3NH3Cl ⟶ H_2O + NaCl + CH_3NH_2 Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: NaOH + CH3NH3Cl ⟶ H_2O + NaCl + CH_3NH_2 Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i NaOH | 1 | -1 CH3NH3Cl | 1 | -1 H_2O | 1 | 1 NaCl | 1 | 1 CH_3NH_2 | 1 | 1 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term NaOH | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[NaOH])/(Δt) CH3NH3Cl | 1 | -1 | -(Δ[CH3NH3Cl])/(Δt) H_2O | 1 | 1 | (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) NaCl | 1 | 1 | (Δ[NaCl])/(Δt) CH_3NH_2 | 1 | 1 | (Δ[CH3NH2])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -(Δ[NaOH])/(Δt) = -(Δ[CH3NH3Cl])/(Δt) = (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = (Δ[NaCl])/(Δt) = (Δ[CH3NH2])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

Chemical names and formulas

| sodium hydroxide | CH3NH3Cl | water | sodium chloride | methylamine formula | NaOH | CH3NH3Cl | H_2O | NaCl | CH_3NH_2 Hill formula | HNaO | CH6ClN | H_2O | ClNa | CH_5N name | sodium hydroxide | | water | sodium chloride | methylamine IUPAC name | sodium hydroxide | | water | sodium chloride | methanamine
| sodium hydroxide | CH3NH3Cl | water | sodium chloride | methylamine formula | NaOH | CH3NH3Cl | H_2O | NaCl | CH_3NH_2 Hill formula | HNaO | CH6ClN | H_2O | ClNa | CH_5N name | sodium hydroxide | | water | sodium chloride | methylamine IUPAC name | sodium hydroxide | | water | sodium chloride | methanamine

Substance properties

| sodium hydroxide | CH3NH3Cl | water | sodium chloride | methylamine molar mass | 39.997 g/mol | 67.52 g/mol | 18.015 g/mol | 58.44 g/mol | 31.058 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | gas (at STP) melting point | 323 °C | | 0 °C | 801 °C | -93 °C boiling point | 1390 °C | | 99.9839 °C | 1413 °C | -6.3 °C density | 2.13 g/cm^3 | | 1 g/cm^3 | 2.16 g/cm^3 | 0.7 g/cm^3 (at 20 °C) solubility in water | soluble | | | soluble | soluble surface tension | 0.07435 N/m | | 0.0728 N/m | | 0.01919 N/m dynamic viscosity | 0.004 Pa s (at 350 °C) | | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | | odor | | | odorless | odorless | fish | ammonia
| sodium hydroxide | CH3NH3Cl | water | sodium chloride | methylamine molar mass | 39.997 g/mol | 67.52 g/mol | 18.015 g/mol | 58.44 g/mol | 31.058 g/mol phase | solid (at STP) | | liquid (at STP) | solid (at STP) | gas (at STP) melting point | 323 °C | | 0 °C | 801 °C | -93 °C boiling point | 1390 °C | | 99.9839 °C | 1413 °C | -6.3 °C density | 2.13 g/cm^3 | | 1 g/cm^3 | 2.16 g/cm^3 | 0.7 g/cm^3 (at 20 °C) solubility in water | soluble | | | soluble | soluble surface tension | 0.07435 N/m | | 0.0728 N/m | | 0.01919 N/m dynamic viscosity | 0.004 Pa s (at 350 °C) | | 8.9×10^-4 Pa s (at 25 °C) | | odor | | | odorless | odorless | fish | ammonia

Units

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