O2 + Na3C6H5O7 = H2O + CO2 + Na2O

O_2 oxygen + C_6H_5Na_3O_7 citrosodine ⟶ H_2O water + CO_2 carbon dioxide + Na_2O sodium oxide

Balance the chemical equation algebraically: O_2 + C_6H_5Na_3O_7 ⟶ H_2O + CO_2 + Na_2O Add stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, to the reactants and products: c_1 O_2 + c_2 C_6H_5Na_3O_7 ⟶ c_3 H_2O + c_4 CO_2 + c_5 Na_2O Set the number of atoms in the reactants equal to the number of atoms in the products for O, C, H and Na: O: | 2 c_1 + 7 c_2 = c_3 + 2 c_4 + c_5 C: | 6 c_2 = c_4 H: | 5 c_2 = 2 c_3 Na: | 3 c_2 = 2 c_5 Since the coefficients are relative quantities and underdetermined, choose a coefficient to set arbitrarily. To keep the coefficients small, the arbitrary value is ordinarily one. For instance, set c_2 = 1 and solve the system of equations for the remaining coefficients: c_1 = 9/2 c_2 = 1 c_3 = 5/2 c_4 = 6 c_5 = 3/2 Multiply by the least common denominator, 2, to eliminate fractional coefficients: c_1 = 9 c_2 = 2 c_3 = 5 c_4 = 12 c_5 = 3 Substitute the coefficients into the chemical reaction to obtain the balanced equation: Answer: | | 9 O_2 + 2 C_6H_5Na_3O_7 ⟶ 5 H_2O + 12 CO_2 + 3 Na_2O

+ ⟶ + +

oxygen + citrosodine ⟶ water + carbon dioxide + sodium oxide

Construct the equilibrium constant, K, expression for: O_2 + C_6H_5Na_3O_7 ⟶ H_2O + CO_2 + Na_2O Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the activity expression for each chemical species. • Use the activity expressions to build the equilibrium constant expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 9 O_2 + 2 C_6H_5Na_3O_7 ⟶ 5 H_2O + 12 CO_2 + 3 Na_2O Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i O_2 | 9 | -9 C_6H_5Na_3O_7 | 2 | -2 H_2O | 5 | 5 CO_2 | 12 | 12 Na_2O | 3 | 3 Assemble the activity expressions accounting for the state of matter and ν_i: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | activity expression O_2 | 9 | -9 | ([O2])^(-9) C_6H_5Na_3O_7 | 2 | -2 | ([C6H5Na3O7])^(-2) H_2O | 5 | 5 | ([H2O])^5 CO_2 | 12 | 12 | ([CO2])^12 Na_2O | 3 | 3 | ([Na2O])^3 The equilibrium constant symbol in the concentration basis is: K_c Mulitply the activity expressions to arrive at the K_c expression: Answer: | | K_c = ([O2])^(-9) ([C6H5Na3O7])^(-2) ([H2O])^5 ([CO2])^12 ([Na2O])^3 = (([H2O])^5 ([CO2])^12 ([Na2O])^3)/(([O2])^9 ([C6H5Na3O7])^2)

Construct the rate of reaction expression for: O_2 + C_6H_5Na_3O_7 ⟶ H_2O + CO_2 + Na_2O Plan: • Balance the chemical equation. • Determine the stoichiometric numbers. • Assemble the rate term for each chemical species. • Write the rate of reaction expression. Write the balanced chemical equation: 9 O_2 + 2 C_6H_5Na_3O_7 ⟶ 5 H_2O + 12 CO_2 + 3 Na_2O Assign stoichiometric numbers, ν_i, using the stoichiometric coefficients, c_i, from the balanced chemical equation in the following manner: ν_i = -c_i for reactants and ν_i = c_i for products: chemical species | c_i | ν_i O_2 | 9 | -9 C_6H_5Na_3O_7 | 2 | -2 H_2O | 5 | 5 CO_2 | 12 | 12 Na_2O | 3 | 3 The rate term for each chemical species, B_i, is 1/ν_i(Δ[B_i])/(Δt) where [B_i] is the amount concentration and t is time: chemical species | c_i | ν_i | rate term O_2 | 9 | -9 | -1/9 (Δ[O2])/(Δt) C_6H_5Na_3O_7 | 2 | -2 | -1/2 (Δ[C6H5Na3O7])/(Δt) H_2O | 5 | 5 | 1/5 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) CO_2 | 12 | 12 | 1/12 (Δ[CO2])/(Δt) Na_2O | 3 | 3 | 1/3 (Δ[Na2O])/(Δt) (for infinitesimal rate of change, replace Δ with d) Set the rate terms equal to each other to arrive at the rate expression: Answer: | | rate = -1/9 (Δ[O2])/(Δt) = -1/2 (Δ[C6H5Na3O7])/(Δt) = 1/5 (Δ[H2O])/(Δt) = 1/12 (Δ[CO2])/(Δt) = 1/3 (Δ[Na2O])/(Δt) (assuming constant volume and no accumulation of intermediates or side products)

| oxygen | citrosodine | water | carbon dioxide | sodium oxide formula | O_2 | C_6H_5Na_3O_7 | H_2O | CO_2 | Na_2O name | oxygen | citrosodine | water | carbon dioxide | sodium oxide IUPAC name | molecular oxygen | trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1, 2, 3-tricarboxylate | water | carbon dioxide | disodium oxygen(-2) anion