Input interpretation
barium (chemical element) | polonium (chemical element) | samarium (chemical element)
Periodic table location
Periodic table location
Images
Images
Basic elemental properties
| barium | polonium | samarium atomic symbol | Ba | Po | Sm atomic number | 56 | 84 | 62 short electronic configuration | [Xe]6s^2 | [Xe]6s^24f^145d^106p^4 | [Xe]6s^24f^6 Aufbau diagram | 6s | 6p 5d 4f 6s | 4f 6s block | s | p | f group | 2 | 16 | period | 6 | 6 | 6 atomic mass | 137.327 u | 209 u | 150.36 u half-life | (stable) | 102 yr | (stable)
Thermodynamic properties
| barium | polonium | samarium phase at STP | solid | solid | solid melting point | 727 °C | 254 °C | 1072 °C boiling point | 1870 °C | 962 °C | 1803 °C molar heat of fusion | 8 kJ/mol | 13 kJ/mol | 8.6 kJ/mol molar heat of vaporization | 140 kJ/mol | 100 kJ/mol | 175 kJ/mol specific heat at STP | 205 J/(kg K) | | 196 J/(kg K) Néel point | | | 106 K (properties at standard conditions)
Material properties
| barium | polonium | samarium density | 3.51 g/cm^3 | 9.196 g/cm^3 | 7.353 g/cm^3 liquid density | 3.338 g/cm^3 | | 7.16 g/cm^3 molar volume | 39.12 cm^3/mol | 22.7 cm^3/mol | 20.45 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 1.25 (between talc and gypsum) | | 1.4 (between talc and gypsum) Vickers hardness | (unknown) | | 412 MPa Brinell hardness | | | 441 MPa bulk modulus | 9.6 GPa | | 38 GPa shear modulus | 4.9 GPa | | 20 GPa Young's modulus | 13 GPa | | 50 GPa Poisson ratio | | | 0.27 tensile yield strength | | | 90 MPa ultimate tensile strength | | | 138 MPa sound speed | 1620 m/s | | 2130 m/s thermal expansion | 2.06×10^-5 K^(-1) | | 1.27×10^-5 K^(-1) thermal conductivity | 18 W/(m K) | | 13 W/(m K) (properties at standard conditions)
Electromagnetic properties
| barium | polonium | samarium electrical type | conductor | conductor | conductor resistivity | 3.5×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) | 4.3×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) | 9.4×10^-7 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 2.9×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) | 2.3×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) | 1.1×10^6 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | paramagnetic | | paramagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | 3.966×10^-5 | | 8.1618×10^-4 mass magnetic susceptibility | 1.13×10^-8 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) | | 1.11×10^-7 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | 1.552×10^-9 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) | | 1.669×10^-8 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) Néel point | | | 106 K (kelvins) work function | 2.52 eV (Polycrystalline) | | 2.7 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | 6.093×10^14 Hz (hertz) | | 6.529×10^14 Hz (hertz) color | (silver) | (silver) | (silver)
Reactivity
| barium | polonium | samarium valence | 2 | 6 | 3 electronegativity | 0.89 | 2 | 1.17 electron affinity | 13.95 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 183.3 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 50 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 502.9 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 812.1 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) | 544.5 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 502.9 kJ/mol | 965.2 kJ/mol | 3600 kJ/mol | 812.1 kJ/mol | 544.5 kJ/mol | 1070 kJ/mol | 2260 kJ/mol | 3990 kJ/mol
Reactivity
Atomic properties
| barium | polonium | samarium term symbol | ^1S_0 | ^3P_2 | ^7F_0 atomic radius | 215 pm | 190 pm | 185 pm covalent radius | 215 pm | 140 pm | 198 pm (electronic ground state properties)
Abundances
| barium | polonium | samarium universe abundance | 1×10^-6 mass% | | 5×10^-7 mass% solar abundance | 1×10^-6 mass% | | 1×10^-7 mass% meteorite abundance | 2.7×10^-4 mass% | | 1.7×10^-5 mass% crust abundance | 0.034 mass% | | 6×10^-4 mass% ocean abundance | 3×10^-6 mass% | 2×10^-18 mass% | 4.5×10^-11 mass% human abundance | 3×10^-5 mass% | 0 mass% | universe molar abundance | 9×10^-9 mol% | | 4×10^-9 mol% solar molar abundance | 9.9×10^-9 mol% | | 9.9×10^-10 mol% meteorite molar abundance | 4.1×10^-5 mol% | | 2×10^-6 mol% ocean molar abundance | 1.4×10^-7 mol% | 6×10^-6 mol% | 1.9×10^-12 mol% crust molar abundance | 0.0051 mol% | | 8.2×10^-5 mol% human molar abundance | 1.4×10^-6 mol% | 0 mol% |