properties of ruthenium

ruthenium (chemical element)

Periodic table location

Image

atomic symbol | Ru atomic number | 44 short electronic configuration | [Kr]5s^14d^7 Aufbau diagram | 4d 5s block | d group | 8 period | 5 atomic mass | 101.07 u (unified atomic mass units)

phase at STP | solid melting point | 2334 °C (rank: 9th) boiling point | 4150 °C (rank: 12th) molar heat of fusion | 25.7 kJ/mol (rank: 13th) molar heat of vaporization | 580 kJ/mol (rank: 9th) specific heat at STP | 238 J/(kg K) (rank: 48th) (properties at standard conditions)

density | 12.37 g/cm^3 (rank: 19th) liquid density | 10.65 g/cm^3 molar volume | 8.171 cm^3/mol Mohs hardness | 6.5 (between microcline and quartz) Vickers hardness | 2300 MPa (rank: 7th) Brinell hardness | 2160 MPa (rank: 6th) bulk modulus | 220 GPa (rank: 8th) shear modulus | 173 GPa Young's modulus | 447 GPa (rank: 3rd) Poisson ratio | 0.3 (rank: 22nd) sound speed | 5970 m/s (rank: 6th) thermal expansion | 6.4×10^-6 K^(-1) (rank: 51st) thermal conductivity | 120 W/(m K) (rank: 15th) (properties at standard conditions)

electrical type | conductor resistivity | 7.1×10^-8 Ω m (ohm meters) electrical conductivity | 1.4×10^7 S/m (siemens per meter) magnetic type | paramagnetic volume magnetic susceptibility | 6.7×10^-5 mass magnetic susceptibility | 5.42×10^-9 m^3/kg (cubic meters per kilogram) molar magnetic susceptibility | 5.48×10^-10 m^3/mol (cubic meters per mole) work function | 4.71 eV (Polycrystalline) threshold frequency | 1.139×10^15 Hz (hertz) superconducting point | 0.49 K (kelvins) color | (silver)

valence | 6 electronegativity | 2.2 electron affinity | 101.3 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) first ionization energy | 710.2 kJ/mol (kilojoules per mole) ionization energies | 710.2 kJ/mol | 1620 kJ/mol | 2747 kJ/mol

Reactivity

term symbol | ^5F_5 atomic radius | 130 pm covalent radius | 146 pm (electronic ground state properties)

(neutral ruthenium atomic spectrum)

universe abundance | 4×10^-7 mass% (rank: 48th) solar abundance | 5×10^-7 mass% (rank: 43rd) meteorite abundance | 8.1×10^-5 mass% (rank: 42nd) crust abundance | 9.9×10^-8 mass% (rank: 78th) ocean abundance | 7×10^-11 mass% (rank: 66th) universe molar abundance | 5×10^-9 mol% (rank: 48th) solar molar abundance | 6×10^-9 mol% (rank: 43rd) meteorite molar abundance | 1.6×10^-5 mol% (rank: 40th) ocean molar abundance | 4.3×10^-12 mol% (rank: 73rd) crust molar abundance | 2×10^-8 mol% (rank: 78th)

half-life | (stable) stable isotopes | Ru-102 (31.55%) | Ru-104 (18.62%) | Ru-101 (17.06%) | Ru-99 (12.76%) | Ru-100 (12.6%) | Ru-96 (5.54%) | Ru-98 (1.87%) nuclear spin | Ru-87: 1/2^- | Ru-88: 0^+ | Ru-89: 9/2^+ | Ru-90: 0^+ | Ru-91: 9/2^+ | Ru-92: 0^+ | Ru-93: 9/2^+ | Ru-94: 0^+ | Ru-95: 5/2^+ | Ru-96: 0^+ | Ru-97: 5/2^+ | Ru-98: 0^+ | Ru-99: 5/2^+ | Ru-100: 0^+ | Ru-101: 5/2^+ | Ru-102: 0^+ | Ru-103: 3/2^+ | Ru-104: 0^+ | Ru-105: 3/2^+ | Ru-106: 0^+ | Ru-107: 5/2^+ | Ru-108: 0^+ | Ru-109: 5/2^+ | Ru-110: 0^+ | Ru-111: 5/2^+ | Ru-112: 0^+ | Ru-113: 5/2^+ | Ru-114: 0^+ | Ru-116: 0^+ | Ru-118: 0^+ | Ru-120: 0^+ unstable isotopes | Ru-106 (371.8 days) | Ru-103 (39.26 days) | Ru-97 (69 h) | Ru-105 (4.4 h) | Ru-95 (98.58 min) | Ru-94 (51.83 min) | Ru-108 (4.55 min) | Ru-107 (225 s) | Ru-92 (219 s) | Ru-93 (59.7 s) | Ru-109 (34.5 s) | Ru-90 (11.7 s) | Ru-110 (11.6 s) | Ru-91 (7.9 s) | Ru-111 (2.12 s) | Ru-112 (1.75 s) | Ru-89 (1.5 s) | Ru-88 (1.2 s) | Ru-113 (800 ms) | Ru-115 (740 ms) | Ru-114 (520 ms) | Ru-116 (400 ms) | Ru-117 (300 ms) | Ru-118 (123 ms) | Ru-87 (1.5 µs) | Ru-120 (150 ns) | Ru-119 (150 ns) neutron cross-section | 2.6 b neutron mass absorption | 9×10^-4 m^2/kg

CAS number | 7440-18-8 PubChem CID number | 23950